[Federal Register: July 19, 2004 (Volume 69, Number 137)]
[Rules and Regulations]               
[Page 43089-43141]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr19jy04-21]                         


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Part III





Department of the Interior





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Bureau of Indian Affairs



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25 CFR Part 170



Indian Reservation Roads Program; Final Rule


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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Bureau of Indian Affairs

25 CFR Part 170

RIN 1076-AE17

 
Indian Reservation Roads Program

AGENCY: Bureau of Indian Affairs, Interior.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: This final rule establishes policies and procedures governing 
the Indian Reservation Roads (IRR) Program. The IRR Program is a part 
of the Federal Lands Highway Program established to address 
transportation needs of tribes. The program is jointly administered by 
the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and Federal Highway Administration's 
(FHWA) Federal Lands Highway (FLH) Office. It expands transportation 
activities available to tribes and tribal organizations and provides 
guidance for planning, designing, constructing, and maintaining 
transportation facilities. It also establishes a funding distribution 
methodology called the Tribal Transportation Allocation Methodology 
(TTAM). The TTAM includes a factor for allocating IRR Program funds 
based on the relative needs of tribes and reservation or tribal 
communities for transportation assistance. It also addresses the 
administrative capacities of, and challenges faced by, various tribes 
including the cost of road construction, geographic isolation, and 
difficulty in maintaining all weather access to essential resources and 
services. The TTAM provides funding for Indian Reservation Roads High 
Priority Projects that would not otherwise have sufficient funding; and 
makes available a minimum allocation to tribes if funding levels are 
sufficient.

DATES: Effective Date: October 1, 2004.

ADDRESSES: LeRoy Gishi, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of 
Indian Affairs, 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW., MS-320-SIB, Washington, 
DC 20240, Telephone 202-513-7711 or Fax 202-208-4696.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

What Information Does This Section Address?

    This section addresses:
     The Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-
21), Public Law (Pub. L.) 105-178;
     The IRR Program;
     Publication of the NPRM;
     Public comments.

What Is the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century?

    The Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21), Pub. 
L. 105-178, 112 Stat. 107, signed into law in 1998, is a broad-based 
statute that authorizes and expands the use of Federal Highway Trust 
funds through fiscal year 2003. Congress has extended TEA-21 and 
authorized the use of Federal Highway Trust funds into fiscal year 
2004. A new transportation authorization bill is currently before 
Congress.
    TEA-21 contained several provisions that directly affect the Indian 
Reservation Roads (IRR) program. TEA-21:
     Authorized $1.6 billion for the IRR Program for fiscal 
years 1998-2003;
     Provided that an Indian tribal government may request to 
enter into contracts or agreements under the Indian Self-Determination 
and Education Assistance Act (ISDEAA), Pub. L. 93-638, as amended, for 
IRR Program roads and bridges;
     Established the Indian Reservation Roads Bridge Program 
(IRRBP), codified at 23 U.S.C. 202 (d)(3)(B) under which a minimum of 
$13 million of IRR Program funds was set aside for a nationwide 
priority program for improving deficient IRR bridges. (On May 8, 2003, 
the Federal Highway Administration published a final rule for the IRR 
bridge program (68 FR 24642, now found at 23 CFR 661); and
     Required negotiated rulemaking between representatives of 
Indian tribes and the Federal Government (Department of the Interior 
(DOI) and Department of Transportation (DOT)) to develop IRR Program 
procedures and a funding formula to distribute IRR Program funds.

What Is the Indian Reservation Roads Program?

    The Indian Reservation Roads (IRR) Program is a part of the Federal 
Lands Highway Program established in 23 U.S.C. 204 to address 
transportation needs of tribes. The program is jointly administered by 
the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and Federal Highway Administration's 
(FHWA) Federal Lands Highway (FLH) Office. The IRR Program was 
established on May 26, 1928, by Pub. L. 520, 25 U.S.C. 318(a). It 
authorized the Secretary of Agriculture (which had responsibility for 
Federal roads at that time) to cooperate with state highway agencies 
and DOI to survey, construct, reconstruct, and maintain Indian 
reservation roads serving Indian lands. In 1982, under the Surface 
Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (STAA), Pub. L. 97-424, Congress 
created the Federal Lands Highway Program (FLHP). This coordinated 
program addresses access needs to and within Indian and other Federal 
lands. The IRR Program is a funding category of this program. STAA 
expanded the IRR system to include tribally-owned public roads as well 
as state and county-owned roads. Each fiscal year FHWA determines the 
amount of funds available for construction. The BIA works with tribal 
governments and tribal organizations to develop an annual priority 
program of construction projects which is submitted to FHWA for 
approval based on available funding. FHWA allocates funds to BIA which 
distributes them for IRR projects on or near Indian reservations 
according to the annual approved priority program of projects (for 
further background information on the IRR Program see 67 FR 51328, 
August 7, 2002). The duties and responsibilities of BIA and FHWA are 
described in a Memorandum of Agreement between the two agencies.

What Is the Purpose of the IRR Program?

    The purpose of the IRR Program is to provide safe and adequate 
transportation and public road access to and within Indian 
reservations, Indian lands, and communities for Indians and Alaska 
Natives, visitors, recreational users, resource users, and others, 
while contributing to economic development, self-determination, and 
employment of Indians and Alaska Natives. As of October 2003, the IRR 
system consisted of approximately 25,700 miles of BIA and tribally-
owned public roads and 38,000 miles of state, county, and local 
government public roads.

How Is the IRR Program Funded?

    From the DOT appropriation, FHWA reserves an amount specified in 23 
U.S.C. 204 or in the DOT annual appropriations act. BIA and FHWA 
jointly administer the distribution of IRR Program funds under 
applicable laws and regulations.

Where Is Information on the TEA-21 Negotiated Rulemaking Process Found?

    Information on the TEA-21 Negotiated Rulemaking process is found at 
67 FR 51328, August 7, 2002.

How Did the Department Handle Public Comments to the Notice of Proposed 
Rulemaking (NPRM)?

    The NPRM, published August 7, 2002, provided for a 60-day comment 
period which was extended an additional 30 days to November 7, 2002. 
The DOT's Dockets Management Facility received

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electronic and written comments and posted them on its Web site at 
http://dms.dot.gov. We received responses from 1586 commenters. Most 

responses contained more than one comment on a variety of issues in the 
NPRM. At the close of the public comment period, DOI contracted with 
the U.S. Forest Service's Content Analysis Team to compile, organize, 
and summarize the public comments. The TEA-21 Negotiated Rulemaking 
Committee (Committee) reconvened in February and March, 2003, to review 
and consider the comment summation and make recommendations for the 
final rule based on public comments. All comments were carefully 
considered.
    Some commenters made recommendations for changes that were not 
accepted or not acted upon for various reasons (such as requests for 
unnecessary detail, unclear requests, requests or comments that were 
unresponsive to the proposed rule or comments that were beyond the 
scope of the rule). Some commenters made statements of opinion or 
position, but requested or indicated no changes. Several commenters 
discussed issues that were the responsibility of other government 
entities and were therefore beyond the authority of the Secretary of 
the Interior to change. We did not adopt these changes. Some commenters 
requested modifications that required additional statutory authority 
and their comments could not be adopted. A few commenters made 
suggestions for grammatical and organizational changes which were 
adopted.
    The Committee either accepted comments, accepted comments with 
modification(s), or rejected comments. DOI reviewed the Committee's 
recommendations on the public comments for the final rule. The 
discussion of changes from the NPRM to this final rule included in this 
preamble reflect major substantive public comments received on the 
NPRM. The full public comment compilation and summation report is 
available at http://www.dot.gov. or by contacting the Chief, Division 

of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, at the address provided in 
the ADDRESSES section of this preamble.
    In addition to changes the Committee made based on public comments, 
DOI reviewed the rule for legal and policy issues and edited the rule 
for clarity, conciseness, and Federal Register format. Some sections 
were combined or rearranged and others were revised under Departmental 
or Federal Register requirements. Where questions and answers were 
found not to be entirely consistent in language, we revised them for 
consistency. We also made editorial and substantive changes to clarify 
or correct errors or omissions in the NPRM. These include changes to 
Subpart C--Indian Reservation Roads Program Funding. Because the 
funding methodology is central to this rule it was essential that DOI 
thoroughly understand the details and ultimate purpose of the tribally-
proposed TTAM in order to implement it. On two separate occasions we 
verified the intent of the tribally-proposed TTAM with tribal committee 
representatives. Based on the verification of intent from the Committee 
and on public comments, we found errors in the data contained in the 
tables and appendices for Subpart C. The proposed funding model (the 
simplified approach) was the mathematical model published in the NPRM. 
This model was mathematically incomplete because it did not account for 
all possible combinations for use of eligible data. Because this 
distribution of data affected all tribes, the TTAM could not be 
implemented with the existing data. We corrected data errors and edited 
tables to make them consistent with Subpart C and to ensure 
implementation of the TTAM. We did not change defaults and items that 
tribal representatives negotiated. We made substantive changes in the 
IRRHPP sections because they were internally inconsistent. For example, 
the time lines for IRRHPP applications and approvals were inconsistent 
with availability of funding from FHWA. The TTAM published in this 
final rule reflects the intent of the proposed funding methodology 
developed under negotiated rulemaking.

Key Areas of Disagreement

    The NPRM Preamble contained Key Areas of Disagreement upon which 
the TEA-21 Negotiated Rulemaking Committee was unable to reach 
consensus. For each of the disagreement items the tribal and Federal 
sides presented their views, followed by their respective proposed 
questions and answers on those issues in the NPRM. The Administrative 
Procedure Act requires notice and comment on proposed rules which 
necessitates including the disagreement item questions and answers in 
the NPRM. We included the Federal version of the questions and answers 
for disagreement items in the appropriate subparts of the NPRM for 
comment. In addition, for easy reference within the NPRM preamble, we 
listed the section numbers where we inserted the Federal proposed 
sections for each of the sections on disagreement items.
    During consideration of the public comments, the tribal and Federal 
representatives discussed the disagreement items and, based on public 
comments, resolved six areas of disagreement from the NPRM. The 
Committee made recommendations for changes on these in the final rule 
and DOI adopted them, revising the relevant sections in the final rule. 
A discussion of the resolution of disagreement items is found below.

Committee Recommendations To Resolve Disagreement Items

    Based on discussions of public comments, the tribal and Federal 
sides were able to resolve several disagreement items. Based on those 
agreements, the Committee made recommendations to the Secretary for 
resolving the following disagreement items. The section numbers cited 
below refer to the section numbers in the NPRM. See the Conversion 
Table for the section numbers in the final rule.
    The first area of disagreement resolved is ``Eligibility'' in 
subpart B (Sec.  170.116). The disagreement issue was whether BIA or 
FHWA should make the determination on new proposed uses of IRR Program 
funds and the time period for BIA or FHWA to review any submission for 
a proposed new use. The Federal position was that FHWA approval was 
required for any new proposed use of IRR Program funds with a 60-day 
time period for review. The tribal position was that only BIA approval 
was required and the time for review should be shortened. The 
compromise, which is reflected in the new section (Sec.  170.117), 
requires that tribes send requests for new proposed uses of IRR Program 
funds only to BIA for approval and send copies of the requests to the 
FHWA. Also, by agreement of the tribal and Federal sides, we changed 
the time for review of any proposed new use of IRR Program funds from 
60 days to 45 days.
    The second area of disagreement resolved is ``Updating the IRRTIP'' 
in subpart D (Sec.  170.420). The issue involved how often 
Transportation Improvement Plans (TIPs) are updated. The tribal 
position recommended that updates to the IRRTIP occur on a quarterly 
basis and that BIA complete the updating process 45 days from date of 
receipt. The Federal side proposed that BIA submit TIP updates to FHWA 
on an annual basis only. The matter was resolved by providing clear 
definitions for and distinctions between an annual IRRTIP update and an 
IRRTIP amendment and including the time for BIA response. The final 
rule includes the following provisions: BIA updates

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the IRRTIP annually so that it can be approved and distributed near the 
beginning of the fiscal year; at any time during the fiscal year, until 
July 15, the tribe may request an amendment to its approved IRRTIP; 
and, if BIA receives amendments after July 15, the amendments are 
incorporated into the following fiscal year IRRTIP update. In addition, 
the final rule includes the following: BIA Regional Offices must now 
review all information a tribe submits and provide a Regional response 
within 45 days; and if the proposed TIP amendment includes the addition 
of a project not listed on the current approved IRRTIP, the tribe must 
submit the proposed amendment to FHWA for approval. The change 
emphasizes tribes' annually updating the current three-year approved 
IRRTIP, while also allowing tribes to amend IRRTIPs throughout the 
year, if necessary.
    The third area of disagreement resolved is ``Plans, Specifications, 
and Estimate (PS&E) Approval Authority'' in subpart D (Sec. Sec.  
170.480-481). The tribal and Federal sides disagreed on whether a tribe 
may assume the review and approval responsibility for PS&Es. During 
consideration of the public comments the tribal and Federal sides 
agreed on how to allow tribes to assume the review and approval 
authority. The final rule reflects the agreement in the PS&E sections 
by providing that a tribe may review and approve PS&Es for IRR-funded 
projects under certain circumstances where the function is included in 
the tribe's self-determination contract or self-governance agreement, 
or where the tribe is the owner of or is responsible for maintaining 
the transportation facility. The final rule also provides that for BIA-
owned or tribally-owned transportation facilities, a tribe may assume 
responsibility to review and approve PS&E packages under a self-
determination or self-governance agreement if the tribe provides 
assurances that a licensed professional engineer will review and 
certify that the PS&Es meet or exceed design health and safety 
standards referenced in the regulation. Also, an additional licensed 
professional engineer must perform a second level review at no less 
than 95 percent completion of the PS&E package. For a facility 
maintained by a public authority other than BIA or a tribe, in addition 
to satisfying the requirements set forth above (with limited 
exceptions), that other public authority will be provided an 
opportunity to review and approve the PS&E package when it is at least 
75 percent, but not more than 95 percent complete.
    The fourth area of disagreement resolved is ``IRR Construction 
Project Reports'' in subpart D (Sec. Sec.  170.485-489). The tribal and 
Federal sides agreed, based on public comments, how to regulate IRR 
construction project closeouts. The final rule provides clear roles and 
responsibilities for all affected parties, i.e., the Secretary; the 
tribe; BIA; and the facility owner, for: project inspection; closeout; 
audit; acceptance, and, the requirements for each process.
    The fifth area of disagreement resolved is ``Contents of Rights-of-
Way Documents'' in subpart D (Sec. Sec.  170.500-502). The issue is 
whether 25 CFR part 169 is the appropriate authority for tribal IRR's 
over Indian lands. While there was some agreement between the tribal 
and Federal sides on the minimum content required in a right-of-way 
document, there was disagreement over the applicability of 25 CFR part 
169 without appropriate qualifications for tribal IRR's over Indian 
lands. The tribal and Federal sides agreed, however, that relying on 25 
CFR part 169 as the only reference for rights-of-way over Indian lands 
was not appropriate since tribes are not required to obtain rights-of-
way when constructing IRRs across their own reservations. Both sides 
agreed that new language is necessary to make the distinctions clear 
about when 25 CFR applies to obtaining rights-of-way. However, adding 
new language to 25 CFR part 169 requires public notice and comment, and 
both sides agreed to delete the reference to 25 CFR part 169 in this 
rule. Therefore, 25 CFR part 169 remains the applicable regulation in 
certain circumstances for third parties' obtaining rights-of-way across 
Indian lands, but it is not referenced in the final rule.
    The sixth area of disagreement resolved is ``Content of Stewardship 
Agreements'' in subpart F (Sec. Sec.  170.701-705). Because the tribal 
and Federal sides agreed to revise the sections on PS&E package 
approval in the final rule, the sections on Stewardship Agreements are 
no longer applicable and we have deleted them.

Areas of Disagreement With No Committee Recommendation

    The Committee was not able to resolve the key area of disagreement, 
``General Issues'' in subpart A in the NPRM. The disagreement on 
availability of funds between the tribal and Federal sides on this 
subject is an issue of statutory interpretation. The tribal side's 
position is that TEA-21 requires that all IRR Program funds be made 
available under the requirements of the Indian Self-Determination and 
Education Assistance Act (ISDEAA). The Federal version is that under 
TEA-21, specifically section 1115(b) not all funds are required to be 
made available, but all funds that are made available must be made 
available in accordance with the requirements of ISDEAA. Many 
commenters supported the tribal view, however, the tribal and Federal 
Committee members were not able to resolve the disagreement over 
statutory interpretation. We have retained the Federal questions and 
answers for this item.
    One of the key areas of disagreement, ``Self-Governance Compacts'' 
in subpart H was not resolved after consideration of the comments. The 
disagreement centers around the right to assume individual projects or, 
alternatively, an entire program comprised of individual projects. 
Commingled in this issue of disagreement are issues of the 6 percent 
Program Management and Oversight (PM&O) funding and issues of using 
project funds for Federal responsibilities. The authority for the 6 
percent PM&O funding is the language in the annual DOI Appropriations 
Act. The authority for using project funds for Federal project 
responsibilities is ISDEAA language which mandates that the Secretary 
must assure health and safety in all projects. For the latter, the 
Federal side's position is that certain requirements apply to projects 
individually regardless of whether one or more projects are assumed 
collectively as a program. Thus, the tribal side's approach of 
eliminating Federal access to project funds to carry out project 
responsibilities would jeopardize the Federal Government's obligation 
to assure health and safety for individual construction projects. In 
addition, the tribal side's view would eliminate the Secretary's 
statutory right to use the 6 percent Program Management and Oversight 
funding, as needed. In other words, whether projects are assumed 
individually or collectively, the Federal side interprets ISDEAA as 
requiring the Secretary to assure health and safety for all 
construction. Many commenters supported the tribal view, but none 
presented a legal right to ignore the Secretary's discretion to use up 
to 6 percent of Program Management and Oversight funding or to ignore 
the Secretary's right to use project funds to carry out the Secretary's 
health and safety responsibilities under ISDEAA. Therefore, in the 
final rule we have retained the Federal questions and answers for this 
item.
    Another key area of disagreement that was not resolved was 
``Arbitration

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Provisions'' in subpart H (Sec. Sec.  170.941-952). Essentially, the 
tribal side elects to chose Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) 
procedures at their option. The Federal version is that ISDEAA and its 
implementing regulations for Indian self-determination contracts and 
self-governance agreements require that certain dispute procedures be 
utilized, but that ADR may be used only when both parties agree. For 
example, the Contract Disputes Act (CDA) is incorporated into ISDEAA 
and requires its own procedures once a contract or agreement is 
executed. While ADR may be used as an alternative, it is only 
appropriate when both parties agree. The tribal position would allow 
ADR unilaterally and solely at the tribe's option. Thus, with the 
tribal side's approach, a dispute could remain perpetually unresolved 
or as long as the tribe chooses. Many comments supported the tribal 
view, however, no commenters presented a legal basis to depart from the 
requirements of ISDEAA. We resolved this disagreement by retaining the 
Federal questions and answers for this item, with a modification. The 
modification adds ``for non-construction activities'' to Sec.  
170.941(c) to make clear that the Model Contract section of ISDEAA does 
not apply to construction activities.

Areas of Disagreement That Are Outside the Scope of Rulemaking

    The Department found four of the Key Areas of Disagreement, 
``Advance Funding'' in subpart E (Sec. Sec.  170.614-618), 
``Contractibility and Compactibility of TEA-21 Programs'' in subpart E 
(Sec. Sec.  170.600-636), ``Availability of Contract Support Funding'' 
in subpart E (Sec. Sec.  170.635-636), and ``Savings'' in subpart E 
(Sec.  170.620) to be outside the scope of this rulemaking. The 
discussion of these areas was included in the NPRM Preamble, however, 
so that the public would be aware of the Committee's discussions on 
these areas. We made no changes to the questions and answers pertaining 
to these issues in the NPRM.

Discussion of Public Comments

    The discussion of comments below is keyed to specific sections of 
the NPRM, including subparts and subheadings. Only major, substantive 
public comments are discussed below. In some instances, several 
commenters are represented as one comment--having made similar or 
identical comments. Grammatical changes, minor wording revisions, and 
other purely style-oriented comments are not discussed; however, 
changes to the final rule reflect such public comments. The section 
number references are to the final rule.

Subpart A--Policies, Applicability, and Definitions

    Comment: Change the term ``tribal contractor'' to ``tribal 
government'' as this is a more appropriate term with respect to Indian 
self-determination and tribal self-governance.
    Response: A change throughout the final rule has been made to refer 
to ``Indian tribe or tribal organization'' rather than tribal 
contractor, where applicable, for consistency with the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Assistance Act (ISDEAA).
    Comment: Language should be included that would indicate that 
tribes be included in the development of policies, consistent with 
Federal rules and regulations.
    Response: Language was added to indicate that the development of 
policies would be ``in consultation with Indian tribes.''
    Comment: The rule should indicate that where different from ISDEAA, 
the IRR Program regulations should serve to advance--rather than 
retard--the Federal Government's policy of increasing tribal autonomy 
and discretion of this program.
    Response: Language has been added that ``Where this part differs 
from provisions in the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
Assistance Act of 1975 (ISDEAA), this part should advance the policy of 
increasing tribal autonomy and discretion in program operation.'' 
(Sec.  170.2(b))
    Comment: Tribes should only have to follow those IRR Program Policy 
and Guidance manuals and directives which are consistent with the 
regulations in this part and 25 CFR parts 900 and 1000. Tribes should 
not have to abide by any unpublished requirements, guidelines, manuals, 
or policy directives of the Secretary, unless otherwise required by 
law.
    Response: This change was made and is reflected in Sec.  170.3.
    Comment: Delete the term ``Act'' and refer only to the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Act (ISDEAA).
    Response: Reference is made to ISDEAA and ``Act'' is removed from 
the text of the rule.
    Comment: Delete the term ``Compact'' and refer instead to ``self-
governance agreement.''
    Response: Reference is made to ``self-governance agreement'' only 
and the term ``compact'' is deleted.
    Comment: In the definition of the term ``construction,'' delete 
``highway'' and add ``IRR Program transportation facility.''
    Response: The reference to ``highway'' was changed to ``IRR Program 
transportation facility.''
    Comment: A construction contract is not a project. The term 
``Construction Contract'' should be rewritten by inserting ``contract 
for a'' and deleting ``or'' after ``self-determination.'' Items (1), 
(2) and (3) are inaccurate and unneeded.
    Response: Under ISDEAA a construction contract is defined as a 
project. ``Contract for a'' was added and ``or'' was deleted after 
``self-determination.'' Items (1), (2) and (3) remain in the rule to 
clarify restrictions. (Sec.  170.5)
    Comment: Delete the term ``Contract'' since this is unnecessary 
when all types of contracts are otherwise explained by reference and 
within the context of the rule.
    Response: ``Or a procurement document issued under Federal or 
tribal procurement acquisition regulations'' was added to the 
definition of ``Contract.'' (Sec.  170.5)
    Comment: The term ``governmental subdivision of a tribe'' should be 
clearly (and narrowly) defined.
    Response: The term ``governmental subdivision of a tribe'' is added 
and defined to be ``the unit of a federally-recognized tribe which is 
authorized to participate in the IRR Program activity on behalf of the 
tribe.'' (Sec.  170.5)
    Comment: Add the term ``Indian Reservation Road (IRR)'' to the 
definitions section.
    Response: The term ``Indian Reservation Road (IRR),'' as it is 
defined under 23 U.S.C. 101(a), has been added to the definitions 
section. (Sec.  170.5)
    Comment: Add the term ``IRR Program Management Funds'' to the 
definitions section.
    Response: The term ``IRR Program Management and Oversight Funds'' 
has been added to the definitions in subpart A, Sec.  170.5 to mean 
``those funds authorized by Congress in the annual appropriations acts 
to pay the cost of performing IRR Program management activities.''
    Comment: Delete the reference to ``up to 2 percent planning funds'' 
and substitute a reference to planning funds authorized under 23 U.S.C. 
204(j) to cover any future legislative language.
    Response: The reference to planning funds authorized under 23 
U.S.C. 204(j) or ``tribal transportation planning funds'' was 
substituted. ``Tribal transportation planning funds'' is defined in 
subpart A, Sec.  170.5.
    Comment: Within the term ``Rehabilitation,'' reference should be

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made to all work, rather than just to major work. Rehabilitation is not 
confined only to bridge work.
    Response: The term ``Rehabilitation'' references transportation 
facilities, rather than only bridges, and does not refer only to major 
work. (Sec.  170.5)
    Comment: The term ``Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)'' 
should be better defined.
    Response: The term ``TIP'' has been deleted and the definitions of 
TTIP, IRRTIP, and STIP are included in the definitions in subpart A, 
Sec.  170.5.

Subpart B--Indian Reservation Roads Program Policy and Eligibility

Consultation, Collaboration, Coordination
    Comment: Properly identify the Community Development Administration 
funds as being ``USDA Rural Development'' funds and reference the 
appropriate authority under the ``Federal Transit Administration.''
    Response: These references were made in the final rule. (Sec.  
170.105)
    Comment: The rule should spell out the obligations of the States, 
MPOs, RPOs, and local governments to consult with tribes about planning 
for tribal transportation projects, including regionally significant 
projects.
    Response: No change was made to the final rule as the obligations 
of these parties are clearly referenced in 23 U.S.C. and are incumbent 
upon all parties dealing with tribal transportation projects.
Eligible Uses of IRR Program Funds
    Comment: Appendix A to subpart B should reflect the use of indirect 
cost in relation to non-construction administrative functions and 
equipment purchases in relation to administering the IRR Program 
generally.
    Response: The section was revised by adding ``other eligible 
activities described in this part'' to A.37 and B.67 in appendix A to 
subpart B and adding ``or in this part'' to the end of Sec.  
170.116(f).
    Comment: Provisions for cyclical maintenance activities should be 
clarified and reference to appropriate work under this activity should 
be illustrated.
    Response: The rule has been changed to reflect ``routine 
maintenance'' and reference to ``patching or marking pavement,'' and 
``bridge joints, drainage, and other work'' has been deleted in its 
entirety because maintaining bridge joints is an eligible activity and 
drainage is included in appurtenances. (Sec.  170.116) Eligible 
activities are adequately explained in appendix A to subpart B.
    Comment: Under ISDEAA only BIA, not FHWA, may determine the 
eligibility for a tribe's proposed new use of IRR Program funds.
    Response: The rule reflects that BIA will approve requests for new 
proposed uses of IRR Program funds for activities eligible under 25 
U.S.C. and FHWA approves requests for new proposed uses of IRR Program 
funds for activities eligible under 23 U.S.C.
    Comment: Approvals for new proposed uses should be completed in a 
more timely fashion--a response time of 45 days is recommended.
    Response: The time line for written responses has been changed in 
the rule from 60 days to 45 days. (Sec.  170.117)
    Comment: Include construction of public roads to BIA schools as an 
eligible activity.
    Response: Eligibility of construction of public roads accessing 
public schools is already included in the list of allowable uses of IRR 
Program funds in appendix A of subpart B.
Use of IRR and Cultural Access Roads
    Comment: Under Civil Justice Reform (Executive Order 12988), 
concern was raised with a tribe's ability to close a cultural access 
road. Further, under the Regulatory Flexibility Act, concern was raised 
about the many other non-Indian landowners served by tribally-owned 
roads who may be impacted by this rule.
    Response: Section 170.120 is revised to reflect that IRR's must be 
open and available for public use.
    Comment: IRRs must be open and available to public use because they 
are funded with public funds.
    Response: The term ``generally'' was deleted from the answer. 
(Sec.  170.120)
IRR Housing Access Roads
    Comment: Define the terms ``housing cluster'' and ``Indian 
community.''
    Response: A definition for ``housing cluster'' was added as 
follows: ``Housing cluster means three or more existing or proposed 
housing units.'' Sec.  170.127(c) The term ``Indian community'' was 
deleted because a housing cluster is necessarily part of an Indian 
community. ``On public rights-of-way'' was also added after ``housing 
streets'' in Sec.  170.128 in order to make the answer consistent with 
Sec.  170.127(a) which references ``public road.''
Toll, Ferry and Airport Facilities
    Comment: Clarify that a tribe operating the IRR Program under 
ISDEAA may use 100 percent of IRR Program funds to provide for the 
local match.
    Response: In the final rule, the question relating to this issue 
was changed to reflect the use of IRR Program funds to provide for the 
local match. (Sec.  170.130)
Recreation, Tourism, and Trails
    Comment: Clarification should be made that tribes may use IRR 
Program funds for recreation, tourism, and trails.
    Response: The clarification that tribes, tribal organizations, 
tribal consortiums, and BIA may use the funds has been made in the 
final rule. (Sec.  170.135).
Highway Safety Functions
    Comment: Separate references should be made to (1) Highway Safety 
Programs and (2) IRR Programs to be consistent with the remaining list 
of Federal programs under which funds may be available for a tribe's 
highway safety programs and reference other funding Congress may 
authorize and appropriate.
    Response: The final rule reflects the separate references and 
references other funding from Congress. (Sec.  170.141)

Subpart C--Indian Reservation Roads Program Funding

Tribal Transportation Allocation Methodology (TTAM)
    Comment: Clarify takedowns and the order in which they are 
incorporated.
    Response: The TTAM diagram was revised for clarification, the 
descriptions made more concise, and the process better defined. (Sec.  
170.200)
IRR High Priority Project (IRRHPP)
    Comment: What activities cannot be funded with the IRRHPP?
    Response: The final rule identifies activities that cannot be 
funded with the IRRHPP. (Sec.  170.205(c))
    Comment: Clarify what constitutes an emergency/disaster.
    Response: Clarifications of emergency/disaster have been made. 
(Sec.  170.206)
    Comment: How are IRRHPP applications ranked?
    Response: Ranking clarifications were made in the final rule. 
(Sec.  170.209)
    Comment: How are unspent funds handled?
    Response: The final rule now states that upon completion of an 
IRRHPP, funds that are reserved but not expended are to be recovered 
and returned to the IRRHPP funding pool. (Sec.  170.213)
    Comment: The schedule for IRRHPP proposals should be changed due to 
concerns about the lack of time to get projects awarded and underway.
    Response: The final rule reflects the schedule change. (Sec.  
170.212)

[[Page 43095]]

Population Adjustment Factor
    Comment: The rule should better define the data used for PAF.
    Response: The final rule provides that the population figures are 
those defined in Sec.  170.220.
Relative Need Distribution Factor

    Note: Most of the sections on the RNDF were placed into appendix 
C to subpart C.

Appendix C to Subpart C
    Comment: Use of population figures developed under the Native 
American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act (NAHASDA) should 
not be qualified as ``interim'' and there should be a clarification 
that the American Indian and Alaska Native Service Population NAHASDA 
population figures will be used.
    Response: The reference to ``interim'' was deleted and the 
clarification was made. (Appendix C to subpart C)
    Comment: Is there a limit on how many proposed roads can be added 
to the inventory?
    Response: The final rule reflects that there is no limit.
    Comment: What is the definition of a proposed road and under what 
conditions can it be added to the inventory?
    Response: The definition of a proposed road is included in Sec.  
170.5 and how it is added to the inventory is provided in Sec.  
170.443.
    Comment: The designation of a road should reference that the 
national IRR Program bid tabulation data will be collected and input 
into the Cost-to-Construct database by BIADOT.
    Response: This reference was made in the final rule. (Appendix C to 
subpart C)

Subpart D--Planning, Design, and Construction of Indian Reservation 
Roads Program Facilities

Transportation Planning
    Comment: Re-order the sections in a sequential order.
    Response: The sections were re-ordered, beginning with 
transportation planning through approval of the IRRTIP and providing 
documentation to States for inclusion in planning documents.
    Comment: Tribes may perform certain aspects of transportation 
planning under ISDEAA and BIA must perform certain aspects.
    Response: Those aspects of transportation planning that either a 
tribe or BIA must perform and aspects that either BIA or a tribe may 
perform have been clearly identified in the final rule. (Sec. Sec.  
170.401-402)
    Comment: Remove references to Regional Planning Organizations 
(RPOs) and Metropolitan Planning Offices (MPOs) as they may give the 
misconception that this rule creates rural planning offices.
    Response: The use of RPO and MPO was clarified to eliminate the 
misconception that ``Rural Planning Offices'' were being created. 
``Other appropriate planning authorities'' was included in addition to 
States and their political subdivisions.
Transportation Improvement Program
    Comment: BIA should update IRRTIPs quarterly.
    Response: The provision for annual updates was retained in the 
final rule; however, the final rule provides that a tribe may request 
an amendment to the approved IRRTIP until July 15 of each year. 
(Sec. Sec.  170.425 and 170.427)
    Comment: BIA should review proposed changes to an approved IRRTIP 
within 45 days of receipt.
    Response: BIA will review and respond to amendments within 45 days 
of receipt. (Sec.  170.427)
    Comment: The requirement for, development of, and uses of a long-
range transportation plan (LRTP) should be clarified and redundancies 
within the sections eliminated.
    Response: The final rule makes these clarifications through the use 
of new questions and answers. Clarification of what comprises the LRTP 
has been made to include only the health and safety concerns relating 
to the transportation improvements; the inclusion of additional methods 
for public involvement in the development of the LRTP in allowing the 
tribe or BIA to post notices in accordance with local practice; 
clarifications to illustrate the requirements of a properly convened 
public meeting and its statutory notice. In addition, the requirement 
for the use of a consultant to approve the tribal LRTP has been 
deleted.
Public Hearings
    Comment: Clarify how BIA or a tribe determines the need for a 
public hearing and what funds are available for the hearing.
    Response: The final rule clarifies how the need for a public 
hearing is determined and what funds are available. (Sec. Sec.  
170.435-436)
    Comment: When a public meeting is held, a courtesy copy of the 
notice should be provided to the affected tribe and/or the BIA Regional 
Office.
    Response: This recommendation has been accepted in the final rule. 
(Sec.  170.438)
    Comment: Environmental and/or archaeological clearances should be 
included in the public hearing process.
    Response: These clearances are referenced in the final rule. (Sec.  
170.439)
    Comment: Are there any distinctions in funding for funding public 
hearings for IRR planning and funding for public hearings for projects?
    Response: Transportation planning public hearings are funded by 
tribal transportation planning funds or IRR Program construction funds 
and project public hearings are funded by construction funds. (Sec.  
170.436)
    Comment: Clarifications need to be made with respect to when the 
public must be notified before project activities begin and the 
responsibility BIA and/or the tribe must bear to provide such notice.
    Response: The final rule clarifies public notice requirements for 
both the tribe and BIA. (Sec. Sec.  170.438-441)
IRR Inventory
    Comment: Move sections on technical aspects of the inventory from 
subpart C to subpart D.
    Response: The sections were moved from subpart C to subpart D.
    Comment: References to Atlas maps and functional classifications 
are not required, too technical, and not important to the intent of 
this section.
    Response: These references have been deleted.
    Comment: The IRR inventory is a comprehensive database--not a list 
of information.
    Response: The final rule indicates that the inventory is a 
comprehensive database. (Sec. Sec.  170.5 and 170.442)
    Comment: Delete the section relating to the accuracy of the 
database because it addressed only roads and was not relevant to other 
transportation facilities.
    Response: The section was deleted.
    Comment: The surface type section is only for coding purposes in 
the inventory and should be removed from this section.
    Response: The surface type section has been removed.
    Comment: It should be made clear that the IRR Inventory is used for 
other purposes in addition to the Relative Need Distribution Factor.
    Response: The use of the IRR inventory has been clarified. (Sec.  
170.442)
    Comment: The section regarding ``accuracy provisions'' for all 
eligible transportation facilities is confusing and adds nothing 
substantive to the understanding of eligible transportation facilities. 
Recommend deleting this section.
    Response: This section was deleted in its entirety.

[[Page 43096]]

    Comment: The functional classification system categories used by 
the States and those used in the IRR Program should be consistent.
    Response: We have included the complete definitions that meet the 
simplified approach in appendix C of subpart C. Therefore, we have 
deleted this section and all other sections related to functional 
classification and surface type in subpart D.
Review and Approval of Plans, Specifications, and Estimates (PS&Es)
    Comment: Tribes should be able to assume review and approval 
authority for PS&Es for IRR-funded projects under a self-determination 
contract or a self-governance agreement.
    Response: We have created a new subheading, Review and Approval of 
Plans, Specifications, and Estimates. The final rule includes 
provisions that a tribe may perform this task where the function is 
included in the tribe's self-determination contract or self-governance 
agreement, or where the tribe is the owner of or is responsible for 
maintaining the transportation facility. In addition, for BIA-owned or 
tribally-owned transportation facilities, a tribe may assume 
responsibility to review and approve PS&E packages under a self-
determination contract or self-governance agreement so long as a tribe 
provides assurances that a licensed professional engineer will review 
and certify that the PS&Es meet or exceed design, health and safety 
standards referenced in these regulations. For a facility maintained by 
a public authority other than BIA or a tribe, a tribe must satisfy 
these requirements and provide the public authority an opportunity to 
review and approve PS&E packages. The final rule reflects the tribes' 
ability to ensure health and safety, inclusion of health and safety 
standards in self-determination contracts and self-governance 
agreements, and appropriate coordination with relevant authorities in 
the approval process. (Sec. Sec.  170.460-463)
    Comment: Some items listed as part of a PS&E package are 
supplemental, are not part of the package, and should be deleted.
    Response: The final rule states which items are supplemental to a 
PS&E package. (Sec.  170.460)
Construction and Construction Monitoring [and Rights-of-Way]
    Comment: Delete ``where feasible'' and replace ``consultation'' 
with ``coordination.''
    Response: In the final rule ``where feasible'' was deleted and 
``coordination'' was substituted for ``consultation.'' (Sec.  170.471)
    Comment: References to 25 CFR part 169, ``rights-of-way,'' pertain 
to third parties and not to tribes building IRRs on their reservations.
    Response: References to ``Rights-of-Way'' have been removed from 
the final rule although 25 CFR part 169 remains the authority for third 
parties on Indian lands.
    Comment: Who has final acceptance responsibility of the IRR 
Construction Project Report?
    Response: In the rewrite of the project closeout and audits 
sections (which have been combined), we indicate that the facility 
owner has final acceptance on the project and report. (Sec.  170.473)
Appendix A to Subpart D
    Comment: This Appendix should be characterized to acknowledge the 
IRR Program's responsibilities to effectively manage a broad range of 
cultural resources of which archaeological resources are only a part.
    Response: The Appendix has been re-titled as ``Cultural Resource 
and Environmental Requirements for the IRR Program.''
    Comment: Reference should be made to other implementing 
regulations, e.g., the Native American Graves Protection and 
Repatriation Act, the National Historic Preservation Act, and the 
Archaeological Resource Protection Act.
    Response: We have added ``other applicable Federal laws and 
regulations'' to encompass these (and other) implementing regulations, 
as appropriate.
Appendix B to Subpart D
    Comment: Add ``AASHTO Guidelines of Geometric Design of Very Low-
Volume Local Roads'' to the list of Design Standards for the IRR 
Program.
    Response: This reference has been added to appendix B to subpart D.

Subpart E--Service Delivery for Indian Reservation Roads

Funding Process
    Comment: The term ``TTAM'' should replace ``IRR Relative Need 
Formula'' to be consistent with subpart C.
    Response: The term ``TTAM'' has been appropriately referenced in 
this subpart.
    Comment: Publishing a notice of availability of funds in the 
Federal Register is an undue burden on the Federal Government and 
presents conflicts with other time lines in this rule.
    Response: We have revised this responsibility in the final rule by 
separating items BIA will publish in the Federal Register and the items 
that regional offices will provide to tribes upon publication of the 
notice of availability of funds. This will allow BIA to publish the 
amount of funding available in a manner that does not conflict with 
other time lines established in this rule and reduces the 
administrative burden. (Sec.  170.600)
Miscellaneous Provisions
    Comment: Add a provision for consulting with a tribe before using a 
force account even after a tribe declines a self-determination contract 
or self-governance agreement.
    Response: Because divulging bidding information is contrary to the 
Federal procurement regulations, we simply added more complete 
information about force accounts in the final rule. (Sec.  170.605)
Contracts and Agreements Under ISDEAA
    Comment: What protections are there if the tribe fails to 
substantially perform the contracted work?
    Response: We have clarified the final rule to indicate the 
sanctions (and protections) available when a tribe fails to 
substantially perform the contracted work. (Sec.  170.621)

Subpart F--Program Oversight and Accountability

    Comment: Some sections of this subpart should be removed because 
they more appropriately deal with PS&Es and not program stewardship.
    Response: The section on PS&Es has been revised to include the 
concerns that were referenced in this subpart. Consequently, their 
reference has been deleted from subpart F.

Subpart G--BIA Road Maintenance

    Comment: Change the term ``Motorized Trails'' to ``vehicle 
trails.''
    Response: We have changed the reference to ``motorized vehicle 
trails.'' (Sec.  170.803)
    Comment: Include a provision that the Secretary provide to the 
affected tribe a draft copy of the findings that an IRR transportation 
facility is not being maintained due to insufficient funding prior to 
providing the report to Congress under 23 U.S.C. 204.
    Response: The final rule provides that if BIA determines that an 
IRR transportation facility is not being maintained under IRR TFMMS 
standards due to insufficient funding, under 23 U.S.C. 204, BIA must 
continue to request annual funding for road maintenance programs on 
Indian reservations. (Sec.  170.811). In addition,

[[Page 43097]]

the report is provided to the Secretary of Transportation not to 
Congress.
    Comment: The circumstances surrounding a temporary closure of or 
restricted access to an IRR transportation facility should be clarified 
to include private landowners in the decision-making process.
    Response: The final rule includes consultation with applicable 
private landowners in addition to the tribe and also indicates that 
consultation is not required whenever the conditions involve immediate 
safety and life-threatening situations. (Sec.  170.813)
    Comment: Include provisions ``including runway lighting'' and 
``boat ramps.''
    Response: These references have been added to the final rule. 
(Sec.  170.803)
    Comment: Provision should be made for catastrophic failure or 
natural disaster.
    Response: These provisions have been added to the final rule in 
discussion of the circumstances when closure of an IRR transportation 
facility is warranted. (Sec.  170.813)
    Comment: Recommended deleting from the answer the remainder of the 
sentence after the words ``local governments'' in Sec.  170.822.
    Response: The entire section was deleted.
    Comment: Recommended moving Sec. Sec.  170.816-820 on bridge 
inspections from subpart G to subpart D since bridge inspections are 
funded from the IRR Program rather than the Road Maintenance Program.
    Response: The sections on bridge inspections have been moved to 
Subpart D for clarity. We added a subheading for IRR bridge inspections 
under subpart D. (Sec. Sec.  170.504-507)

Subpart H--Miscellaneous

Tribal Transportation Departments
    Comment: Noted that the provision in Sec.  170.932 conflicts with a 
U.S. Supreme Court decision.
    Response: The section has been modified to reflect recent Federal 
case decisions.
    Comment: Switch the order of Sec.  170.938 and Sec.  170.939 for 
clarity.
    Response: These sections are now Sec.  170.931 and Sec.  170.932. 
We also added ``see appendix A, subpart B'' after ``activities'' in 
Sec.  170.931.
    Comment: It should be made clear that IRR Program funds can be used 
for transportation planning and administration.
    Response: This clarification has been made in the final rule. 
(Sec.  170.931)
Resolving Disputes
    Comment: The tribes should have the option of choosing the 
Alternative Dispute Resolution Act (ADR) to settle disputes arising out 
of their self-determination contracts or self-governance agreements.
    Response: The Contract Disputes Act is incorporated by reference 
into ISDEAA and applies to disputes after contracts or agreements are 
awarded. We clarified that the Contract Disputes Act is available for 
dispute resolution techniques or procedures for construction and the 
Model Contract is available for non-construction by moving ``and the 
implementing regulations'' from the end of the sentence to follow 
``ISDEAA'' and noting that ``non-construction activities'' applies only 
to the Model Contract. However, for non-construction activities under 
the Model Contract, alternative dispute resolution options are 
available--including the ADR. Section 170.934 was revised because it 
was ambiguous as written.

II. Summary of Regulations

Subpart A--Policies, Applicability, and Definitions

    This subpart outlines the authority under which this rule is 
established. The purpose and scope of this rule is defined with respect 
to 23 U.S.C. 202(d) and 204 and the IRR Program and this subpart 
provides interpretation of the language used throughout 23 U.S.C.
    The subpart further outlines the policies, guidance manuals, 
directives, and procedures that will govern the IRR Program under 
direct service, self-determination contracts, and self-governance 
agreements and also includes definitions used throughout the rule.

Subpart B--Indian Reservation Roads Program Policy and Eligibility

    This subpart:
     Explains the Federal, tribal, state, and local governments 
coordination, collaboration, and consultation responsibilities and how 
these efforts can effectively assist the tribal governments in meeting 
their transportation needs;
     Lists both the eligible and non-eligible activities for 
IRR Program funding;
     Discusses the use of all eligible Indian Reservations 
Roads and other transportation facilities eligible for construction, 
including cultural access roads, housing access roads, toll roads, 
recreation, tourism, trails, airport access roads, transit facilities, 
and seasonal transportation routes;
     Covers the highway safety aspects of the IRR Program and 
those activities, functions, and equipment that may be eligible for 
funding under this program;
    In addition, this subpart also includes:
     Transportation research activities;
     Education and training opportunities available to tribes 
and BIA through Local Technical Assistance Programs and other Federal, 
state, and local organizations; and
     How IRR Program funds may be used for education and 
training.

Subpart C--Indian Reservation Roads Program Funding

    This subpart covers the Tribal Transportation Allocation 
Methodology and the Relative Need Distribution Factor used to 
distribute IRR Program funds, including:
     An overview of the allocation of IRR Program Funds;
     The Transportation Planning Program (under 23 U.S.C. 
204(j));
     The Relative Need Distribution Factor for IRR 
Construction;
     The IRR High Priority Projects Program (IRRHPP); and
     The Population Adjustment Factor (PAF).
    It also covers the following factors used in the Relative Need 
Distribution Factor:
     Cost-to-Construct;
     Vehicle Miles Traveled; and
     Population.
    This subpart also includes:
     General Data Appeals;
     The IRR Inventory; and
     Long-Range Transportation Planning.

Subpart D--Planning, Design, and Construction of Indian Reservation 
Roads Program Facilities

    This subpart discusses:
     The transportation planning responsibilities and 
requirements consistent with 23 U.S.C. 134 and 135;
     Funding sources for transportation planning;
     The requirements for developing a Transportation 
Improvement Program and Long-Range Transportation Plans including the 
requirements for public hearings and input into their development.
    This subpart also:
     Defines the IRR inventory, its components, and how it is 
developed and used;
     Includes the environmental and archaeological requirements 
applicable to projects under this program and whether IRR Program funds 
can be used for these requirements;
     Outlines design, construction, and construction monitoring 
standards;

[[Page 43098]]

     Includes closeout procedures for IRR Program construction 
projects and identifies the roles of and the responsible entities for 
such procedures;
     Discusses the processes and procedures used at the various 
office levels of the IRR Program to ensure that the program is being 
carried under these regulations and the governing laws; and
     Outlines the management systems that BIA must develop and 
maintain for oversight and management of the IRR Program.

Subpart E--Service Delivery for Indian Reservation Roads

    This subpart tells how ISDEAA can be used:
     To contract for programs under the IRR Program;
     In self-governance agreements;
     In consortium contracts and agreements;
     In multiple-year agreements;
     For rights of first refusal;
     In applicability of advance payments for ISDEAA contracts 
and agreements;
     For contingency funds; and
     For cost overruns.
    This subpart also covers:
     Indian preference versus local preference in contracting;
     Contract enforcement;
     The applicability of the Buy Indian Act and the Buy 
American Act to the IRR Program;
     The applicability of the Federal Acquisition Regulations 
and Davis Bacon wage rates with respect to self-determination contracts 
or self-governance agreements;
     Force account work;
     Waivers of regulations;
     The Federal Tort Claims Act;
     Technical assistance available to tribes planning to 
contract for IRR Program activities and/or functions; and
     Savings.

Subpart F--Program Oversight and Accountability

    This subpart discusses:
     Oversight roles and responsibilities for the IRR Program;
     Memoranda of Understanding; and
     Program accountability.

Subpart G--BIA Road Maintenance

    This subpart covers:
     BIA Transportation Facility Maintenance Program and its 
eligible activities and facilities including roads, bridges, airports, 
and others;
     Maintenance funding;
     Facility ownership;
     Maintenance responsibilities to the traveling public;
     Maintenance management system requirements;
     Maintenance standards;
     Mandated bridge inspection requirements and standards; and
     Provisions for emergency maintenance.

Subpart H--Miscellaneous

    This subpart provides information on:
     The transport of hazardous and nuclear waste;
     Indian preference and tribal employment rights;
     The applicability of tribal taxes and fees for IRR 
Projects;
     The Emergency Relief Program;
     Establishing and operating tribal transportation 
departments and the eligible activities and/or functions for which 
these organizations can contract;
     Tribal regulations of oversize and overweight vehicles;
     Reporting requirements;
     Tribal employment rights;
     Alternative dispute resolution procedures to resolve IRR 
program disputes; and
     Research activities available under the IRR Program.

III. Procedural Requirements

A. Regulatory Planning and Review (Executive Order 12866)

    This final rule is a significant regulatory action requiring review 
by the Office of Management and Budget. The Office of Management and 
Budget has reviewed this final rule under Executive Order 12866. This 
final rule will have budgetary effects of entitlement, grants, user 
fees, or loan programs or the rights or obligations of their 
recipients. Funding for the IRR Program in fiscal year 2003 is $275 
million and is expected to increase in future years. It is anticipated 
that the IRR Program will receive more than $2 billion dollars over the 
next six years with the passage of a new Transportation authorization. 
The DOT, FHWA, allocates funds to DOI, BIA. BIA distributes the funds 
to each of its 12 regions based on the existing funding formula for the 
benefit of tribes in each region. This final rule will not adversely 
affect in a material way the economy, productivity, competition, jobs, 
the environment, public health or safety, or state, local, or tribal 
governments or communities. This final rule enables Indian tribes to be 
more directly involved in the care, upgrade, safety, and improvement of 
their transportation facilities. This rule sets forth policies and 
guidelines under which FHWA, BIA, and tribes that contract with BIA 
conduct the IRR Program. It also includes a funding methodology for 
distributing IRR Program funds. It covers current practices of DOT and 
DOI. DOT representatives have participated in this negotiated 
rulemaking, concur in all consensus items, and have provided comments 
on all disputed items. This final rule raises novel legal or policy 
issues that are contained in the Disagreement Items section of the 
Preamble. It also provides policy and guidance under the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Assistance Act, Pub. L. 93-638, and under 
the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century, Pub. L. 105-178, as 
they relate to the IRR Program which has been in effect since 1983.

B. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    DOI certifies that this document will not have a significant 
economic effect on a substantial number of small entities under the 
Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). Indian tribes are 
not considered to be small entities for purposes of this Act.

C. Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA)

    This final rule is a major rule under the Small Business Regulatory 
Enforcement Fairness Act (5 U.S.C. 804(2)) because it has an annual 
effect on the economy of $100 million or more. The yearly amount of IRR 
Program funds is approximately $275 million.
    This final rule will not cause a major increase in costs or prices 
for consumers, individual industries, Federal, state, or local 
government agencies, or geographic regions. Actions under this final 
rule will distribute Federal funds to Indian tribal governments and 
tribal organizations for transportation planning, construction, and 
maintenance.
    This rule does not have significant adverse effects on competition, 
employment, investment, productivity, innovation, or the ability of 
U.S. based enterprises to compete with foreign based enterprises.

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    This final rule would not impose unfunded mandates as defined by 
the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4, March 22, 
1995, 109 Stat. 48). This final rule will not result in the expenditure 
by State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or by the 
private sector, of $100 million or more in any one year (2 U.S.C. 
1532).

E. Takings Implication Assessment (Executive Order 12630)

    This final rule does not have significant takings implications. 
This final rule does not pertain to taking of

[[Page 43099]]

private property interests, nor does it impact private property.

F. Federalism (Executive Order 12612)

    This final rule does not have significant federalism effects 
because it pertains solely to Federal-tribal relations and will not 
interfere with the roles, rights, and responsibilities of States.

G. Civil Justice Reform (Executive Order 12988)

    This final rule does not unduly burden the judicial system and 
meets the applicable standards provided in sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of 
Executive Order 12988.

H. Paperwork Reduction Act

    This rulemaking requires an information collection from 10 or more 
parties and a submission under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 
Pub. L. 104-13, is required. Accordingly, The Department prepared an 
OMB form 83-I for review and approval by OMB. Having reviewed the 
submissions of the Department with respect to the burden hours of each 
part of this rulemaking, along with any comments that were submitted by 
the reviewing public, OMB has approved the information collection 
requirements contained in this rulemaking and has assigned OMB control 
number 1076-0161. The expiration date of this control number is October 
31, 2005. This approval by OMB was necessitated by the requirements 
inherent in the revisions to 25 CFR part 170. Revisions to part 170 are 
in furtherance of a Departmental initiative to implement the 
Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21) and set 
policies and procedures governing the IRR Program. The information 
provided through information collection requirements is used by DOI, 
BIA, to determine how funds appropriated by Congress under TEA-21 will 
be allocated to various tribal governments in implementing the IRR 
program. The information is particularly used in assisting tribal 
governments to meet reporting and application requirements for their 
participation in the IRR program, and is reflected in subparts C or D 
of this rulemaking. The total estimated burden hours for this 
information collection is 31,470 hours and is required to obtain or 
retain a benefit under 25 CFR part 170 pursuant to 5 CFR 1320.9. The 
public is invited to make any additional comments it may have 
concerning the accuracy of this burden estimate and any suggestions for 
reducing such burden.

I. National Environmental Policy Act

    DOI has determined that this rule does not constitute a major 
Federal action significantly affecting the quality of the human 
environment and that no detailed statement is required under the 
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321). Specific 
projects under the IRR Program will require NEPA review through an 
Environmental Assessment or Environmental Impact Statement.

J. Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments 
(Executive Order 13175)

    Pursuant to Executive Order 13175 of November 6, 2000, Consultation 
and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments, we have consulted with 
tribal representatives throughout the process of developing this rule 
through negotiated rulemaking. We conducted consultation at the 
Negotiated Rulemaking Committee's 23 meetings, accepted oral and 
written comments at all Committee meetings, maintained Committee 
information on the IRR Web site, provided periodic newsletters and 
other mailings, provided updates at intertribal and other Indian 
Reservation Roads transportation-related meetings, and sent periodic 
letters to tribal leaders. As part of the negotiated rulemaking process 
with tribes, we reviewed and considered public comments to the NPRM 
with the Negotiated Rulemaking Committee to make recommendations to the 
Secretary for the final rule. We have evaluated any potential effects 
on federally-recognized Indian tribes and have determined that there 
are no potential adverse effects. The final rule expands tribal 
participation in and responsibilities for various transportation-
related activities of the IRR program. We consulted with tribal 
governments and tribal organizations as part of the negotiated 
rulemaking process throughout the comment period after publication of 
this final rule.

IV. Reference Tables

    The following tables are provided to allow the reader to locate 
specific matters of interest under particular subheadings from the NPRM 
and determine if those sections have been relocated in the final rule.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
              NPRM subpart                        NPRM subheading                    NPRM section Nos.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subpart A...............................  General Provisions and           Sec.   170.1-Sec.   170.6
                                           Definitions.
Subpart B...............................  Indian Reservation Roads
                                           Program Policy and Eligibility.
                                          Consultation, Collaboration,     Sec.   170.100-Sec.   170.112
                                           Coordination.
                                          Eligibility for IRR Funding....  Sec.   170.114-Sec.   170.116
                                          Use of IRR and Cultural Access   Sec.   170.120-Sec.   170.126
                                           Roads.
                                          Seasonal Transportation Routes.  Sec.   170.130-Sec.   170.138
                                          IRR Housing Access and Toll      Sec.   170.140-Sec.   170.148
                                           Roads.
                                          Recreation, Tourism, Trails....  Sec.   170.150-Sec.   170.154
                                          Highway Safety Functions.......  Sec.   170.155-Sec.   170.159
                                          Non-Road Transportation........  Sec.   170.160-Sec.   170.162
                                          Transit Facilities.............  Sec.   170.163-Sec.   170.170
                                          IRR Program Coordinating         Sec.   170.171-Sec.   170.177
                                           Committee.
                                          Indian Local Technical           Sec.   170.178-Sec.   170.192
                                           Assistance Program (LTAP).
                                          LTAP Sponsored Education and     Sec.   170.193-Sec.   170.194
                                           Training Opportunities.
Subpart C...............................  Indian Reservation Roads         Sec.   170.225-Sec.   170.232
                                           Program Funding.
                                          Tribal Transportation            Sec.   170.235-Sec.   170.236
                                           Allocation Methodology for IRR
                                           Construction.
                                          IRR High Priority Projects       Sec.   170.245-Sec.   170.257
                                           (IRRHPP).
                                          Population Adjustment Factor     Sec.   170.263-Sec.   170.267
                                           (PAF).
                                          Relative Need Distribution       Sec.   170.270-Sec.   170.282
                                           Factor.
                                          General Data Appeals...........  Sec.   170.285-Sec.   170.288
                                          IRR Inventory and Long-Range     Sec.   170.290-Sec.   170.299
                                           Transportation Planning (LRTP).
                                          Long-Range Transportation        Sec.   170.300-Sec.   170.303
                                           Planning.
                                          Flexible Financing.............  Sec.   170.350-Sec.   170.357
Subpart D...............................  Planning, Design, and
                                           Construction of Indian
                                           Reservation Roads Program
                                           Facilities.
                                          Transportation Planning........  Sec.   170.400-Sec.   170.436

[[Page 43100]]


                                          Public Hearings................  Sec.   170.437-Sec.   170.445
                                          IRR Inventory..................  Sec.   170.446-Sec.   170.460
                                          Environment and Archeology.....  Sec.   170.461-Sec.   170.462
                                          Design.........................  Sec.   170.464-Sec.   170.469
                                          Construction and Construction    Sec.   170.472-Sec.   170.502
                                           Monitoring and Rights-of-Way.
                                          Program Reviews and Management   Sec.   170.510-Sec.   170.516
                                           Systems.
Subpart E...............................  Service Delivery for Indian      Sec.   170.600-Sec.   170.636
                                           Reservation Roads.
Subpart F...............................  Program Oversight and            Sec.   170.700-Sec.   170.708
                                           Accountability.
Subpart G...............................  BIA Road Maintenance...........  Sec.   170.800-Sec.   170.823
Subpart H...............................  Miscellaneous..................
                                          Hazardous and Nuclear Waste      Sec.   170.900-Sec.   170.907
                                           Transportation.
                                          Reporting Requirements and       Sec.   170.910-Sec.   170.923
                                           Indian Preference.
                                          Emergency Relief...............  Sec.   170.924-Sec.   170.932
                                          Tribal Transportation            Sec.   170.936-Sec.   170.940
                                           Departments.
                                          Arbitration Provisions.........  Sec.   170.941-Sec.   170.943
                                          Other Miscellaneous Provisions.  Sec.   170.950-Sec.   170.952
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19JY04.000

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[[Page 43102]]

List of Subjects in 25 CFR Part 170

    Highways and roads, Indians--lands.

    Dated: February 26, 2004.
David Anderson,
Assistant Secretary--Indian Affairs.

    Editorial Note: This document was received in the Office of the 
Federal Register on July 9, 2004.



0
For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Department of the Interior, 
Bureau of Indian Affairs, revises part 170 in title 25 of the Code of 
Federal Regulations as follows:

PART 170--INDIAN RESERVATION ROADS PROGRAM

Subpart A--Policies, Applicability, and Definitions
Sec.
170.1 What does this part do?
170.2 What is the IRR Program and BIA Road Maintenance Program 
policy?
170.3 When do other requirements apply to the IRR Program?
170.4 What is the effect of this part on existing tribal rights?
170.5 What definitions apply to this part?
170.6 Information collection.
Subpart B--Indian Reservation Roads Program Policy and Eligibility

Consultation, Collaboration, Coordination

170.100 What do the terms ``consultation, collaboration, and 
coordination'' mean?
170.101 What is the IRR Program consultation and coordination 
policy?
170.102 How do the Departments consult, collaborate, and coordinate 
with tribal governments?
170.103 What goals and principles guide the Secretaries?
170.104 Must the Secretary consult with tribal governments before 
obligating IRR Program funds?
170.105 Are funds available for consultation, collaboration, and 
coordination activities?
170.106 When must State governments consult with tribes?
170.107 Should planning organizations and local governments consult 
with tribes when planning for transportation projects?
170.108 Should Indian tribes and BIA consult with States' planning 
organizations and local governments in the development of their 
IRRTIP?
170.109 How do the Secretaries prevent discrimination or adverse 
impacts?
170.110 How can State and local governments prevent discrimination 
or adverse impacts?
170.111 What can a tribe do if discrimination or adverse impacts 
occur?

Eligible Uses of IRR Program Funds

170.115 What activities may be funded with IRR Program funds?
170.116 What activities are not eligible for IRR Program funding?
170.117 How can a tribe determine whether a new use of funds is 
allowable?

Use of IRR and Cultural Access Roads

170.120 What restrictions apply to the use of an Indian Reservation 
Road?
170.121 What is a cultural access road?
170.122 Can a tribe close a cultural access road?

Seasonal Transportation Routes

170.123 What are seasonal transportation routes?
170.124 Does the IRR Program cover seasonal transportation routes?

IRR Housing Access Roads

170.127 What terms apply to access roads?
170.128 Are housing access roads and housing streets eligible for 
IRR Program funding?

Toll, Ferry and Airport Facilities

170.130 How can tribes use Federal highway funds for toll and ferry 
facilities?
170.131 How can a tribe find out more about designing and operating 
a toll facility?
170.132 When can a tribe use IRR Program funds for airport 
facilities?

Recreation, Tourism and Trails

170.135 Can a tribe use Federal funds for its recreation, tourism, 
and trails program?
170.136 How can a tribe obtain funds?
170.137 What types of activities can a recreation, tourism, and 
trails program include?
170.138 Can roads be built in roadless and wild areas?

Highway Safety Functions

170.141 What Federal funds are available for a tribe's highway 
safety activities?
170.142 How can tribes obtain funds to perform highway safety 
projects?
170.143 How can IRR Program funds be used for highway safety?
170.144 What are eligible highway safety projects?
170.145 Are other funds available for a tribe's highway safety 
efforts?

Transit Facilities

170.148 What is a tribal transit program?
170.149 How do tribes identify transit needs?
170.150 What Federal funds are available for a tribe's transit 
program?
170.151 May a tribe or BIA use IRR Program funds as matching funds?
170.152 What transit facilities and activities are eligible for IRR 
Program funding?

IRR Program Coordinating Committee

170.155 What is the IRR Program Coordinating Committee?
170.156 What are the IRR Program Coordinating Committee's 
responsibilities?
170.157 What is the IRR Program Coordinating Committee's role in the 
funding process?
170.158 How does the IRR Program Coordinating Committee conduct 
business?

Indian Local Technical Assistance Program

170.161 What is the Indian Local Technical Assistance Program?
170.162 How is the Indian LTAP funded?
170.163 How are Indian LTAP recipients selected?
170.164 How are tribal representatives nominated and chosen for the 
selection committee?
170.165 May a tribe enter into a contract or agreement for Indian 
LTAP funds?
170.166 What services do Indian LTAP centers provide?
170.167 How does a tribe obtain services from an Indian LTAP center?
170.168 Do Indian LTAP centers offer services similar to those of 
State LTAPs?
170.169 What can a tribe do if Indian LTAP services are 
unsatisfactory?
170.170 How are Indian LTAP centers managed?
170.171 How are tribal advisory technical panel members selected?

Indian LTAP-Sponsored Education and Training Opportunities

170.175 What Indian LTAP-sponsored transportation training and 
educational opportunities exist?
170.176 Where can tribes get scholarships and tuition for Indian 
LTAP-sponsored education and training?
Appendix A to Subpart B--Allowable Uses of IRR Program Funds
Appendix B to Subpart B--Sources of Tribal Transportation Training 
and Education Opportunities
Subpart C--Indian Reservation Roads Program Funding

Tribal Transportation Allocation Methodology (TTAM)

170.200 How does BIA allocate IRR Program funds?
170.201 How does BIA allocate and distribute tribal transportation 
planning funds?
170.202 Does the Relative Need Distribution Factor allocate funding 
among tribes?

IRR High Priority Project (IRRHPP)

170.205 What is an IRR High Priority Project (IRRHPP)?
170.206 How is an emergency/disaster defined?
170.207 What is the intent of IRRHPP emergency/disaster funding?
170.208 What funding is available for IRRHPP?
170.209 How will IRRHPP applications be ranked and funded?
170.210 How may a tribe apply for IRRHPP?
170.211 What is the IRRHPP Funding Priority List?
170.212 What is the timeline for IRRHPPs?
170.213 How long are IRRHPP funds available for a project?
170.214 How does award of an emergency/disaster project affect 
projects on the FPL?

Population Adjustment Factor

170.220 What is the Population Adjustment Factor?

[[Page 43103]]

170.221 What funding is available for distribution using the PAF?

Relative Need Distribution Factor

170.223 What is the Relative Need Distribution Factor (RNDF)?

IRR Inventory and Long-Range Transportation Planning (LRTP)

170.225 How does the LRTP process relate to the IRR Inventory?
170.226 How will this part affect the IRR Inventory?
170.227 How does BIA develop and use the IRR Inventory?
170.228 Are all facilities included in the IRR Inventory used to 
calculate CTC?

General Data Appeals

170.231 May a tribe challenge the data BIA uses in the RNDF?
170.232 How does a tribe appeal a disapproval from the BIA Regional 
Director?

Flexible Financing

170.300 May tribes use flexible financing to finance IRR 
transportation projects?
170.301 Can a tribe use IRR Program funds to leverage other funds or 
pay back loans?
170.302 Can BIA regional offices borrow IRR Program funds from each 
other?
170.303 Can a tribe apply for loans or credit from a State 
infrastructure bank?
Appendix A to Subpart C--IRR High Priority Project Scoring Matrix
Appendix B to Subpart C--Population Adjustment Factor
Appendix C to Subpart C--Relative Need Distribution Factor
Appendix D to Subpart C--Cost to Construct
Subpart D--Planning, Design, and Construction of Indian Reservation 
Roads Program Facilities

Transportation Planning

170.400 What is the purpose of transportation planning?
170.401 What is BIA's role in transportation planning?
170.402 What is the tribal role in transportation planning?
170.403 What IRR Program funds can be used for transportation 
planning?
170.404 What happens when a tribe uses its IRR Program construction 
funds for transportation planning?
170.405 Can tribal transportation planning funds be used for road 
construction and other projects?
170.406 How must tribes use planning funds?
170.407 What happens to unobligated planning funds?

Long-Range Transportation Planning

170.410 What is the purpose of tribal long-range transportation 
planning?
170.411 What can a long-range transportation plan include?
170.412 How is the tribal IRR long-range transportation plan 
developed and approved?
170.413 What is the public role in developing the long-range 
transportation plan?
170.414 How is the tribal long-range transportation plan used and 
updated?
170.415 What is pre-project planning?

Transportation Improvement Program

170.420 What is the tribal priority list?
170.421 What is the Tribal Transportation Improvement Program 
(TTIP)?
170.422 What is the IRR Transportation Improvement Program (IRRTIP)?
170.423 How are projects placed on the IRRTIP?
170.424 How does the public participate in developing the IRRTIP?
170.425 How does BIA update the IRRTIP?
170.426 What is the approval process for the IRRTIP?
170.427 How may an IRRTIP be amended?
170.428 How is the State Transportation Improvement Program related 
to the IRRTIP?

Public Hearings

170.435 How does BIA or the tribe determine the need for a public 
hearing?
170.436 How are public hearings for IRR planning and projects 
funded?
170.437 How must BIA or a tribe inform the public when no hearing is 
held?
170.438 How must BIA or a tribe inform the public when a hearing is 
held?
170.439 How is a public hearing conducted?
170.440 How can the public learn the results of a public hearing?
170.441 Can a decision resulting from a hearing be appealed?

IRR Inventory

170.442 What is the IRR Inventory?
170.443 How can a tribe list a proposed transportation facility in 
the IRR Inventory?
170.444 How is the IRR Inventory updated?
170.445 What is a strip map?

Environmental and Archeological Requirements

170.450 What archeological and environmental requirements must the 
IRR Program meet?
170.451 Can IRR Program funds be used for archeological and 
environmental compliance?

Design

170.454 What design standards are used in the IRR Program?
170.455 How are design standards used in IRR projects?
170.456 When can a tribe request an exception from the design 
standards?
170.457 Can a tribe appeal a denial?

Review and Approval of Plans, Specifications, and Estimates

170.460 What must a project package include?
170.461 May a tribe approve plans, specifications, and estimates?
170.462 When may a self-determination contract or self-governance 
agreement include PS&E review and approval?
170.463 What should the Secretary do if a design deficiency is 
identified?

Construction and Construction Monitoring

170.470 What are the IRR construction standards ?
170.471 How are projects administered?
170.472 What construction records must tribes and BIA keep?
170.473 What happens when a construction project ends?
170.474 Who conducts the project closeout?

Program Reviews and Management Systems

170.500 What program reviews do the Secretaries conduct?
170.501 What happens when the review process identifies areas for 
improvement?
170.502 Are management systems required for the IRR Program?
170.503 How are IRR Program management systems funded?

Bridge Inspection

170.504 When and how are bridge inspections performed?
170.505 How must bridge inspections be coordinated?
170.506 What are the minimum qualifications for certified bridge 
inspectors?
170.507 Who reviews bridge inspection reports?
Appendix A to Subpart D--Cultural Resource and Environmental 
Requirements for the IRR Program
Appendix B to Subpart D--Design Standards for the IRR Program
Subpart E--Service Delivery for Indian Reservation Roads

Funding Process

170.600 What must BIA include in the notice of availability of 
funds?
170.601 What happens to the unused portion of IRR Program management 
and oversight funds reserved by the Secretary?
170.602 If a tribe incurs unforeseen construction costs, can it get 
additional funds?

Miscellaneous Provisions

170.605 When may BIA use force account methods in the IRR Program?
170.606 How do legislation and procurement requirements affect the 
IRR Program?
170.607 Can a tribe use its allocation of IRR Program funds for 
contract support costs?
170.608 Can a tribe pay contract support costs from Department of 
the Interior or BIA appropriations?

Contracts and Agreements Under ISDEAA

170.610 What IRR Program functions may a tribe assume under ISDEAA?
170.611 What special provisions apply to ISDEAA contracts and 
agreements?
170.612 How are non-contractible functions funded?
170.613 When does BIA determine the amount of funds needed for non-
contractible non-project related functions?
170.614 Can a tribe receive funds before BIA publishes the notice of 
funding availability?

[[Page 43104]]

170.615 Can a tribe receive advance payments for non-construction 
activities?
170.616 How are advance payments made when additional IRR Program 
funds are made available after execution of the self-governance 
agreement?
170.617 May a tribe include a contingency in its proposal budget?
170.618 Can a tribe keep savings resulting from project 
administration?
170.619 Do tribal preference and Indian preference apply to IRR 
Program funding?
170.620 How do ISDEAA's Indian preference provisions apply?
170.621 What if a tribe fails to substantially perform work under a 
contract or agreement?
170.622 What IRR programs, functions, services, and activities are 
subject to the self-governance construction regulations?
170.623 How are IRR Program projects and activities included in a 
self-governance agreement?
170.624 Is technical assistance available?
170.625 What regulations apply to waivers?
170.626 How does a tribe request a waiver of a Department of 
Transportation regulation?
Appendix A to Subpart E--IRR Program functions that are not 
otherwise contractible
Subpart F--Program Oversight and Accountability
170.700 What is the IRR Program stewardship plan?
170.701 May a direct service tribe and BIA Region sign a Memorandum 
of Understanding?
170.702 What activities may the Secretary review and monitor?
Subpart G--BIA Road Maintenance
170.800 Who owns IRR transportation facilities?
170.801 What is the BIA Road Maintenance Program?
170.802 How is road maintenance funded?
170.803 What facilities are eligible under the BIA Road Maintenance 
Program?
170.804 How is BIA's Road Maintenance Program related to the IRR 
Program?
170.805 What are the local, tribal, and BIA roles in transportation 
facility maintenance?
170.806 What is an IRR Transportation Facilities Maintenance 
Management System (IRR TFMMS)?
170.807 What must BIA include when it develops an IRR Transportation 
Facilities Maintenance Management System?
170.808 Can BIA Road Maintenance Program funds be used to improve 
IRR transportation facilities?
170.809 Can a tribe perform road maintenance under a self-
determination contract or self-governance agreement?
170.810 To what standards must an IRR transportation facility be 
maintained?
170.811 What happens if lack of funds results in inadequate 
maintenance?
170.812 What is emergency maintenance?
170.813 When can access to IRR transportation facilities be 
restricted?
Appendix A to Subpart G--List of Activities Eligible for Funding 
Under BIA Transportation Facility Maintenance Program
Subpart H--Miscellaneous Provisions

Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Transportation

170.900 What is the purpose of the provisions relating to 
transportation of hazardous and nuclear waste?
170.901 What standards govern transportation of radioactive and 
hazardous materials?
170.902 What is the role of State, tribal, and local governments?
170.903 Who notifies tribes of the transport of radioactive waste?
170.904 Who responds to an accident involving a radioactive or 
hazardous materials shipment?
170.905 How can tribes obtain training in handling hazardous 
material?
170.906 Who cleans up radioactive and hazardous material spills?

Reporting Requirements and Indian Preference

170.910 What information on the IRR Program or projects must BIA 
provide to tribes?
170.911 Are Indians entitled to employment and training preferences?
170.912 Does Indian employment preference apply to Federal-aid 
Highway Projects?
170.913 Do tribal-specific employment rights and contract preference 
laws apply?
170.914 What is the difference between tribal employment preference 
and Indian employment preference?
170.915 May tribal employment taxes or fees be included in an IRR 
project budget?
170.916 May tribes impose taxes or fees on those performing IRR 
Program services?
170.917 Can tribes receive direct payment of tribal employment taxes 
or fees?

Emergency Relief

170.920 What is the purpose of the provisions relating to emergency 
relief?
170.921 What emergency or disaster assistance programs are 
available?
170.922 How can States get Emergency Relief Program funds to repair 
IRR System damage?
170.923 What qualifies for ERFO funding?
170.924 What happens if DOT denies an ERFO claim?
170.925 Is ERFO funding supplemental to IRR Program funding?
170.926 Can a tribe administer approved ERFO repairs under a self-
determination contract or a self-governance agreement?
170.927 How can FEMA Program funds be used to repair damage?

Tribal Transportation Departments

170.930 What is a tribal transportation department?
170.931 Can tribes use IRR Program funds to pay tribal 
transportation department operating costs?
170.932 Are there other funding sources for tribal transportation 
departments?
170.933 Can tribes regulate oversize or overweight vehicles?

Resolving Disputes

170.934 Are alternative dispute resolution procedures available?
170.935 How does a direct service tribe begin the alternative 
dispute resolution process?

Other Miscellaneous Provisions

170.941 May tribes become involved in transportation research?
170.942 Can a tribe use Federal funds for transportation services 
for a tribe's Welfare-to-Work, Temporary Assistance to Needy 
Families, and other quality-of-life improvement programs?

    Authority: Pub. L. 105-178, 112 Stat. 107; 5 U.S.C. 565; 23 
U.S.C. 101(a), 202, 204, 308; 25 U.S.C. 47, 25 U.S.C. 450.

Subpart A--Policies, Applicability, and Definitions


Sec.  170.1  What does this part do?

    This part provides rules and a funding formula for the Department 
of the Interior (DOI) in implementing the Indian Reservation Roads 
(IRR) Program. Included in this part are other Title 23 programs 
administered by the Secretary and implemented by tribes and tribal 
organizations under the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
Assistance Act of 1975, as amended (ISDEAA).


Sec.  170.2  What is the IRR Program and BIA Road Maintenance Program 
policy?

    (a) It is the policy of the Secretary of the Interior and the 
Secretary of Transportation (Secretaries) to do the following in 
relation to the IRR and BIA Road Maintenance Programs:
    (1) Provide a uniform and consistent set of rules;
    (2) Foster knowledge of the programs by providing information about 
them and the opportunities that they create;
    (3) Facilitate tribal planning, conduct, and administration of the 
programs;
    (4) Encourage the inclusion of these programs under self-
determination contracts or self-governance agreements;
    (5) Make available all contractible administrative functions under 
self-determination contracts or self-governance agreements; and
    (6) Implement policies, procedures, and practices in consultation 
with Indian tribes to ensure the letter, spirit, and goals of Federal 
transportation programs are fully implemented.
    (b) Where this part differs from provisions in the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 (ISDEAA), this part 
should advance the policy of

[[Page 43105]]

increasing tribal autonomy and discretion in program operation.
    (c) This part is designed to enable Indian tribes to participate in 
all contractible IRR and BIA Road Maintenance programs. The Secretary 
of the Interior will afford Indian tribes the flexibility, information, 
and discretion to design roads programs under self-determination 
contracts and self-governance agreements to meet the needs of their 
communities consistent with this part.
    (d) The Secretaries recognize that programs, functions, services, 
and activities, regardless of how they are administered, are an 
exercise of Indian tribes' self-determination and self-governance.
    (1) The tribe is responsible for managing the day-to-day operation 
of its contracted Federal programs, functions, services, and 
activities.
    (2) The tribe accepts responsibility and accountability to the 
beneficiaries under self-determination contracts and self-governance 
agreements for:
    (i) Use of the funds; and
    (ii) Satisfactory performance of all activities funded under the 
contract or agreement.
    (3) The Secretary will continue to discharge the trust 
responsibilities to protect and conserve the trust resources of tribes 
and the trust resources of individual Indians.
    (e) The Secretary should interpret Federal laws and regulations to 
facilitate including programs covered by this part in the government-
to-government agreements authorized under ISDEAA.
    (f) The administrative functions referenced in paragraph (a)(5) of 
this section are contractible without regard to the organizational 
level within the Department of the Interior that carries out these 
functions. Including IRR Program administrative functions under self-
determination contracts and self-governance agreements does not limit 
or reduce the funding for any program or service serving any other 
tribe.
    (g) The Secretary is not required to reduce funding for a tribe 
under these programs to make funds available to another tribe.
    (h) This part must be liberally construed for the benefit of tribes 
and to implement the Federal policy of self-determination and self-
governance.
    (i) Any ambiguities in this part must be construed in favor of the 
tribes so as to facilitate and enable the transfer of programs 
authorized by 23 U.S.C. 202 and title 25 U.S.C.


Sec.  170.3  When do other requirements apply to the IRR Program?

    IRR Program Policy and Guidance Manuals and directives apply to the 
IRR Program only if they are consistent with this part and 25 CFR parts 
900 and 1000. See 25 CFR part 900.5 for when a tribe must comply with 
other unpublished requirements.


Sec.  170.4  What is the effect of this part on existing tribal rights?

    This part does not:
    (a) Affect the sovereign immunity from suit enjoyed by tribes;
    (b) Terminate or reduce the trust responsibility of the United 
States to tribes or individual Indians;
    (c) Require a tribe to assume a program relating to the IRR 
Program; or
    (d) Impede awards by other agencies of the United States or a State 
to tribes to administer programs under any other law.


Sec.  170.5  What definitions apply to this part?

    AASHTO means the American Association of State Highway and 
Transportation Officials.
    Annual Funding Agreement means a negotiated agreement of the 
Secretary to fund, on an annual basis, the programs, functions, 
services, and activities transferred to a tribe under the Indian Self-
Determination and Education Assistance Act, as amended.
    Appeal means a request by a tribe or consortium for an 
administrative review of an adverse agency decision.
    BIA means the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the Department of the 
Interior.
    BIADOT means the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Division of 
Transportation.
    BIA force account means the performance of work done by BIA 
employees.
    BIA Road System means the Bureau of Indian Affairs Road System 
under the IRR system. It includes those existing and proposed IRR's for 
which BIA has or plans to obtain legal right-of-way. BIA has the 
primary responsibility to improve and maintain the roads on this 
system.
    CFR means the United States Code of Federal Regulations.
    Construction means the supervising, inspecting, actual building, 
and incurrence of all costs incidental to the construction or 
reconstruction of an IRR transportation facility, as defined in 23 
U.S.C. 101. This includes bond costs and other related costs of bonds 
or other debt financing instruments. It also includes costs incurred by 
the State in performing Federal-aid project related audits that 
directly benefit the Federal-aid highway program. The term includes--
    (1) Locating, surveying, and mapping (including establishing 
temporary and permanent geodetic markers in accordance with 
specifications of the U.S. Geological Survey);
    (2) Resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation;
    (3) Acquiring rights-of-way;
    (4) Providing relocation assistance; acquiring replacement housing 
sites; and acquiring, rehabilitating, relocating, and constructing 
replacement housing;
    (5) Eliminating hazards of railway grade crossings;
    (6) Eliminating roadside obstacles;
    (7) Making improvements that facilitate and control traffic flow, 
such as grade separation of intersections, widening lanes, channelizing 
traffic, installing traffic control systems, and establishing passenger 
loading and unloading areas; and
    (8) Making capital improvements that directly facilitate an 
effective vehicle weight enforcement program, such as scales (fixed and 
portable), scale pits, scale installation, and scale houses.
    Construction contract means a fixed price or cost reimbursement 
self-determination contract for a construction project, except that 
such term does not include any contract--
    (1) That is limited to providing planning services and construction 
management services (or a combination of such services);
    (2) For the housing improvement program or roads maintenance 
program of the BIA administered by the Secretary of the Interior; or
    (3) For the health facility maintenance and improvement program 
administered by the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
    Consultation means government-to-government communication in a 
timely manner by all parties about a proposed or contemplated decision 
in order to:
    (1) Secure meaningful tribal input and involvement in the decision-
making process; and
    (2) Advise the tribe of the final decision and provide an 
explanation.
    Contract means a self-determination contract as defined in section 
4(j) of ISDEAA or a procurement document issued under Federal or tribal 
procurement acquisition regulations.
    Days means calendar days, except where the last day of any time 
period specified in this part falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or a Federal 
holiday, the period shall carry over to the next business day unless 
otherwise prohibited by law.
    Design means services performed by licensed design professionals 
related to preparing drawings, specifications, and other design 
submissions specified in the contract or agreement, as well as services 
provided by or for licensed design professionals during the bidding/
negotiating, construction, and operational phases of the project.
    DOI means the Department of the Interior.

[[Page 43106]]

    FHWA means the Federal Highway Administration of the Department of 
Transportation.
    FTA means the Federal Transit Administration of the Department of 
Transportation.
    Governmental subdivision of a tribe means a unit of a federally-
recognized tribe which is authorized to participate in an IRR Program 
activity on behalf of the tribe.
    Indian means a person who is a member of a Tribe or as otherwise 
defined in 25 U.S.C. 450b.
    Indian Reservation Road (IRR) means a public road that is located 
within or provides access to an Indian reservation or Indian trust 
land, or restricted Indian land that is not subject to fee title 
alienation without the approval of the Federal government, or Indian or 
Alaska Native Villages, groups, or communities in which Indians and 
Alaska Natives reside, whom the Secretary of the Interior has 
determined are eligible for services generally available to Indians 
under Federal laws specifically applicable to Indians.
    IRR Bridge Program means the program authorized under 23 U.S.C. 
202(d)(4) using IRR Program funds for the improvement of deficient IRR 
highway bridges.
    IRR Inventory means a comprehensive database of all transportation 
facilities eligible for IRR Program funding by tribe, reservation, BIA 
agency and region, Congressional district, State, and county. Other 
specific information collected and maintained under the IRR Program 
includes classification, route number, bridge number, current and 
future traffic volumes, maintenance responsibility, and ownership.
    IRR Program means a part of the Federal Lands Highway Program 
established in 23 U.S.C. 204 to address transportation needs of tribes.
    IRR Program construction funds means the pool of funds BIA 
distributes according to the Relative Need Distribution Factor.
    IRR Program funds means the funds covered in chapter 2 of title 23 
U.S.C. and the associated program management costs. These funds are 
used for:
    (1) Transportation planning, research, and engineering; and
    (2) Construction of highways, roads, parkways, or transit 
facilities within or providing access to Indian lands, communities, and 
Alaska Native villages.
    IRR Program management and oversight funds means those funds 
authorized by Congress to pay the cost of performing IRR Program 
management activities.
    IRR System means all the roads and bridges that comprise the IRR.
    IRR transportation facilities means public roads, bridges, drainage 
structures, culverts, ferry routes, marine terminals, transit 
facilities, boardwalks, pedestrian paths, trails, and their 
appurtenances, and other transportation facilities as designated by the 
tribe and the Secretary.
    IRR Transportation Improvement Program (IRRTIP) means a list 
developed by BIA of projects programmed for construction in the next 3 
to 5 years.
    ISDEAA means the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance 
Act of 1975, Public Law 93-638, as amended.
    Maintenance means the preservation of the entire highway, including 
surface, shoulders, roadsides, structures, and such traffic-control 
devices as are necessary for safe and efficient utilization of the 
highway.
    NBI means the national bridge inventory, which is the database of 
structural and appraisal data collected to fulfill the requirements of 
the National Bridge Inspection Standards, as defined in 23 CFR part 
650, subpart C. Each State and BIA must maintain an inventory of all 
bridges that are subject to the NBI standards and provide this data to 
the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). The NBI is maintained and 
monitored by the FHWA Office of Bridge Technology.
    Office of Self-Governance (OSG) means the office within the Office 
of the Assistant Secretary--Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, 
that is responsible for implementing and developing tribal self-
governance.
    Program means any program, function, service, activity, or portion 
thereof.
    Project Planning means project-related activities that precede the 
design phase of a transportation project. Examples of these activities 
are: Collecting data on traffic, accidents, or functional, safety or 
structural deficiencies; corridor studies; conceptual studies, 
environmental studies; geotechnical studies; archaeological studies; 
project scoping; public hearings; location analysis; preparing 
applications for permits and clearances; and meetings with facility 
owners and transportation officials.
    Proposed road means a road which does not currently exist and needs 
to be constructed.
    Public Authority means a Federal, State, county, town, or township, 
Indian tribe, municipal, or other local government or instrumentality 
with authority to finance, build, operate, or maintain toll or toll-
free facilities.
    Public road means any road or street under the jurisdiction of and 
maintained by a public authority and open to public travel.
    Real Property means any interest in land together with the 
improvements, structures, and fixtures and appurtenances.
    Regionally significant project means a project that modifies a 
facility that serves regional transportation needs and would normally 
be included in the modeling of a metropolitan area's transportation 
network. The term includes work on principal arterial highways and all 
fixed guideway transit facilities that offer a significant alternative 
to regional highway travel. (``Regional transportation needs'' includes 
access to and from the area outside of the region; major planned 
developments such as new retail malls, sports complexes, etc.; or 
transportation terminations, as well as most terminals themselves).
    Rehabilitation means the work required to restore the structural 
integrity of transportation facilities as well as work necessary to 
correct safety defects.
    Relocation means the adjustment of transportation facilities and 
utilities required by a highway project. It includes removing and 
reinstalling the facility, including necessary temporary facilities; 
acquiring necessary right-of-way on the new location; moving, 
rearranging or changing the type of existing facilities; and taking any 
necessary safety and protective measures. It also means constructing a 
replacement facility that is both functionally equivalent to the 
existing facility and necessary for continuous operation of the utility 
service, the project economy, or sequence of highway construction.
    Relocation Services means payment and assistance authorized by the 
Uniform Relocation and Real Property Acquisitions Policy Act, 42 U.S.C. 
4601 et seq., as amended.
    Rest area means an area or site established and maintained within 
or adjacent to the highway right-of-way or under public supervision or 
control for the convenience of the traveling public.
    Secretaries means the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary 
of Transportation.
    Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior or her/his designee 
authorized to act on behalf of the Secretary.
    Secretary of Transportation means the Secretary of Transportation 
or a designee authorized to act on behalf of the Secretary.

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    State transportation agency means that department, commission, 
board, or official of any State charged by its laws with the 
responsibility for highway construction. The term ``State'' would be 
considered equivalent to ``State transportation agency'' if the context 
so implies.
    STIP means Statewide Transportation Improvement Program. It is a 
financially constrained, multi-year list of transportation projects. 
The STIP is developed under 23 U.S.C. 134 and 135, and 49 U.S.C. 5303-
5305. The Secretary of Transportation reviews and approves the STIP for 
each State.
    Transit means services, equipment, and functions associated with 
the public movement of people served within a community or network of 
communities.
    Transportation planning means developing land use, economic 
development, traffic demand, public safety, health and social 
strategies to meet transportation current and future needs.
    Tribal transportation planning funds means funds referenced in 23 
U.S.C. 204(j).
    Tribe means any tribe, nation, band, pueblo, rancheria,colony, or 
community, including any Alaska Native village or regional or village 
corporation as defined or established under the Alaska Native Claims 
Settlement Act that is federally recognized by the U.S. government for 
special programs and services provided by the Secretary to Indians 
because of their status as Indians.
    TTIP means Tribal Transportation Improvement Program. It is a 
multi-year financially constrained list of proposed transportation 
projects developed by a tribe from the tribal priority list or the 
long-range transportation plan.
    U.S.C. means the United States Code.


Sec.  170.6  Information Collection.

    The information collection requirements contained in this part have 
been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. et 
seq. and assigned clearance number 1076-0161. This information 
collection is specifically found in subparts C and D of this part and 
represent a total reporting burden to the public of 31,470 hours or an 
average of 56.5 hours per respondent. A Federal agency may not conduct 
or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of 
information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. 
Comments and suggestions on the burden estimate or any other aspect of 
the form should be sent directly to the Office of Management and 
Budget; Attention: Interior Desk Officer; Washington, DC 20503; and a 
copy of the comments should be sent to the Information Collection 
Clearance Officer, Bureau of Indian Affairs, 1849 C Street, NW., 
Washington, DC 20240.

Subpart B--Indian Reservation Roads Program Policy and Eligibility

Consultation, Collaboration, Coordination


Sec.  170.100  What do the terms ``consultation, collaboration, and 
coordination'' mean?

    (a) Consultation means government-to-government communication in a 
timely manner by all parties about a proposed or contemplated decision 
in order to:
    (1) Secure meaningful tribal input and involvement in the decision-
making process; and
    (2) Advise the tribe of the final decision and provide an 
explanation.
    (b) Collaboration means that all parties involved in carrying out 
planning and project development work together in a timely manner to 
achieve a common goal or objective.
    (c) Coordination means that each party:
    (1) Shares and compares in a timely manner its transportation 
plans, programs, projects, and schedules with the related plans, 
programs, projects, and schedules of the other parties; and
    (2) Adjusts its plans, programs, projects, and schedules to 
optimize the efficient and consistent delivery of transportation 
projects and services.


Sec.  170.101  What is the IRR Program consultation and coordination 
policy?

    (a) The IRR Program's government-to-government consultation and 
coordination policy is to foster and improve communication, 
cooperation, and coordination among tribal, Federal, state, and local 
governments and other transportation organizations when undertaking the 
following, similar, or related activities:
    (1) Identifying high-accident locations and locations for improving 
both vehicle and pedestrian safety;
    (2) Developing State, metropolitan, regional, IRR, and tribal 
transportation improvement programs that impact tribal lands, 
communities, and members;
    (3) Developing short- and long-range transportation plans;
    (4) Developing IRR Program transportation projects;
    (5) Developing environmental mitigation measures necessary to 
protect and/or enhance Indian lands and the environment, and counteract 
the impacts of the projects;
    (6) Developing plans or projects to replace or rehabilitate 
deficient IRR bridges;
    (7) Developing plans or projects for disaster and emergency relief 
response and the repair of eligible damaged IRR transportation 
facilities;
    (8) Assisting in the development of State and tribal agreements 
related to the IRR Program;
    (9) Developing and improving transit systems serving Indian lands 
and communities; and
    (10) Assisting in the submission of discretionary grant 
applications for State and Federal funding for IRR transportation 
facilities.
    (b) Tribes and State and Federal Government agencies may enter into 
intergovernmental Memoranda of Agreement (MOA) to streamline and 
facilitate consultation, collaboration, and coordination.


Sec.  170.102  How do the Departments consult, collaborate, and 
coordinate with tribal governments?

    The Department of the Interior and the Department of Transportation 
operate within a government-to-government relationship with federally 
recognized tribes. As a critical element of this relationship, these 
agencies should assess the impact of Federal transportation policies, 
plans, projects, and programs on tribal rights and interests to ensure 
that these rights and concerns are appropriately considered.


Sec.  170.103  What goals and principles guide the Secretaries?

    When undertaking transportation activities affecting tribes, the 
Secretaries should, to the maximum extent permitted by law:
    (a) Establish regular and meaningful consultation and collaboration 
with affected tribal governments, including facilitating the direct 
involvement of tribal governments in short- and long-range Federal 
transportation planning efforts;
    (b) Promote the rights of tribal governments to govern their own 
internal affairs;
    (c) Promote the rights of tribal governments to receive direct 
transportation services from the Federal Government or to enter into 
agreements to directly operate any tribally related transportation 
programs serving tribal members;
    (d) Ensure the continuation of the trust responsibility of the 
United States to tribes and Indian individuals;
    (e) Reduce the imposition of unfunded mandates upon tribal 
governments;

[[Page 43108]]

    (f) Encourage flexibility and innovation in the implementation of 
the IRR Program;
    (g) Reduce, streamline, and eliminate unnecessarily restrictive 
transportation policies, guidelines, or procedures;
    (h) Ensure that tribal rights and interests are appropriately 
considered during program development;
    (i) Ensure that the IRR Program is implemented consistent with 
tribal sovereignty and the government-to-government relationship; and
    (j) Consult with, and solicit the participation of, tribes in the 
development of the annual BIA budget proposals.


Sec.  170.104  Must the Secretary consult with tribal governments 
before obligating IRR Program funds?

    Yes. Before obligating IRR program funds on any project that is for 
direct service activities, the Secretary must consult with the affected 
tribe to determine the tribal preferences concerning the project. The 
Secretary must provide information in accordance with Sec.  170.600 
within 30 days of the Notice of Availability of Funds publication in 
the Federal Register.


Sec.  170.105  Are funds available for consultation, collaboration, and 
coordination activities?

    To fund consultation, collaboration, and coordination of IRR 
Program activities, tribes may use:
    (a) The tribes' IRR Program allocations;
    (b) Tribal Priority Allocation (TPA) funds;
    (c) Administration for Native Americans (ANA) funds;
    (d) Economic Development Administration (EDA) funds;
    (e) United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Rural 
Development funds;
    (f) Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds; Indian Housing 
Block Grant (IHBG) funds;
    (g) Indian Health Service Tribal Management Grant (IHSTMG) funds;
    (h) General funds of the tribal government; and
    (i) Any other funds available for the purpose of consultation, 
collaboration, and coordination activities.


Sec.  170.106  When must State governments consult with tribes?

    Each State must develop the State Transportation Improvement 
Program (STIP) in consultation with tribes and BIA in those areas under 
Indian tribal jurisdiction. This includes providing for a fully 
coordinated transportation planning process that coordinates 
transportation planning efforts carried out by the State with 
transportation planning efforts carried out by tribes. The statewide 
and metropolitan planning organization requirements are in 23 U.S.C. 
134 and 135. Regulations can be found at 23 CFR part 450.


Sec.  170.107  Should planning organizations and local governments 
consult with tribes when planning for transportation projects?

    Yes. The Department's policy is to foster and improve 
communication, cooperation, and coordination among metropolitan 
planning organizations (MPOs), regional planning organizations (RPOs), 
local governments, municipal governments, and tribes on transportation 
matters of common concern. Accordingly, planning organizations and 
local governments should consult with tribal governments when planning 
for transportation projects.


Sec.  170.108  Should Indian tribes and BIA consult with States' 
planning organizations and local governments in the development of 
their IRRTIP?

    Yes.
    (a) All regionally significant IRR Program projects must be:
    (1) Developed in cooperation with State and metropolitan planning 
organizations; and
    (2) Included in appropriate Federal Lands Highway Program 
transportation improvement programs for inclusion in state and 
metropolitan plans.
    (b) BIA and tribes are encouraged to consult with States, 
metropolitan and regional planning organizations, and local and 
municipal governments, on transportation matters of common concern.


Sec.  170.109  How do the Secretaries prevent discrimination or adverse 
impacts?

    In administering the IRR Program, the Secretaries ensure that 
nondiscrimination and environmental justice principles are integral 
program elements. The Secretaries consult with tribes early in the 
program development process to identify potential discrimination and to 
recommend corrective actions to avoid disproportionately high and 
adverse effects on tribes and Native American populations.


Sec.  170.110  How can State and local governments prevent 
discrimination or adverse impacts?

    (a) Under 23 U.S.C. 134 and 135, and 23 CFR part 450, State and 
local government officials should consult and work with tribes early in 
the development of programs to:
    (1) Identify potential discrimination; and
    (2) Recommend corrective actions to avoid disproportionately high 
and adverse effects on tribes and Native American populations.
    (b) Examples of adverse effects include, but are not limited to:
    (1) Impeding access to tribal communities or activities;
    (2) Creating excessive access to culturally or religiously 
sensitive areas;
    (3) Negatively affecting natural resources, trust resources, tribal 
businesses, religious, and cultural sites;
    (4) Harming indigenous plants and animals; and
    (5) Impairing the ability of tribal members to engage in 
commercial, cultural, and religious activities.


Sec.  170.111  What can a tribe do if discrimination or adverse impacts 
occur?

    If discrimination or adverse impacts occur, a tribe should take the 
following steps in the order listed:
    (a) Take reasonable steps to resolve the problem directly with the 
State or local government involved;
    (b) Contact BIA, FHWA, or the Federal Transit Authority (FTA), as 
appropriate, to report the problem and seek assistance in resolving the 
problem.

Eligible Uses if IRR Program Funds


Sec.  170.115  What activities may be funded with IRR Program funds?

    (a) IRR Program funds may be used:
    (1) For all of the items listed in appendix A to this subpart;
    (2) For other purposes identified in this part; or
    (3) For other purposes recommended by the IRR Program Coordinating 
Committee under the procedures in Appendix A to Subpart B (35) and 
Sec.  170.156 and approved by FHWA or BIA pursuant to Sec.  170.117.
    (b) Each of the items listed in Appendix A must be interpreted in a 
manner that permits, rather than prohibits, a proposed use of funds.


Sec.  170.116  What activities are not eligible for IRR Program 
funding?

    IRR Program funds cannot be used for any of the following:
    (a) Routine maintenance work such as: grading shoulders and 
ditches; cleaning culverts; snow removal, roadside mowing, normal sign 
repair and replacement, painting roadway structures, and the 
maintaining, cleaning, or repair of bridge appurtenances;
    (b) Structures and erosion protection unrelated to transportation 
and roadways;
    (c) General reservation planning not involving transportation;

[[Page 43109]]

    (d) Landscaping and irrigation systems not involving transportation 
programs and projects;
    (e) Work performed on projects that are not included on an FHWA-
approved IRR Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), unless otherwise 
authorized by the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of 
Transportation;
    (f) Purchase of equipment unless authorized by Federal law or in 
this part; or
    (g) Condemnation of land for recreational trails.


Sec.  170.117  How can a tribe determine whether a new use of funds is 
allowable?

    (a) A tribe that proposes new uses of IRR Program funds must ask 
BIA in writing whether the proposed use is eligible under Federal law. 
The tribe must also provide a copy of its inquiry to FHWA.
    (1) In cases involving eligibility questions that refer to 25 
U.S.C., BIA will determine whether the new proposed use of IRR Program 
funds is allowable and provide a written response to the requesting 
tribe within 45 days of receiving the written inquiry. Tribes may 
appeal a denial of a proposed use by BIA under 25 CFR part 2. The 
address is: Department of the Interior, BIA, Division of 
Transportation, 1849 C Street, NW., MS 4058-MIB, Washington, DC 20240.
    (2) In cases involving eligibility questions that refer to the IRR 
Program or 23 U.S.C., BIA will refer an inquiry to FHWA for decision. 
FHWA must provide a written response to the requesting tribe within 45 
days of receiving the written inquiry from the tribe. Tribes may appeal 
denials of a proposed use by the FHWA to: FHWA, 400 7th St., SW., HFL-
1, Washington, DC 20590.
    (b) To the extent practical, the deciding agency must consult with 
the IRR Program Coordinating Committee before denying a request. BIA 
and FHWA will send copies of all eligibility determinations to the IRR 
Program Coordinating Committee and BIA Regional offices.
    (c) If either BIA or FHWA fails to issue the requesting tribe a 
timely response to the eligibility inquiry, the proposed use will be 
deemed to be allowable for that specific project.

Use of IRR and Cultural Access Roads


Sec.  170.120  What restrictions apply to the use of an Indian 
Reservation Road?

    Indian Reservation Roads (IRRs) must be open and available for 
public use. However, the public authority having jurisdiction over 
these roads may:
    (a) Restrict road use or close roads temporarily when required for 
public safety, fire prevention or suppression, fish or game protection, 
low load capacity bridges, prevention of damage to unstable roadbeds, 
or as contained in Sec. Sec.  170.122 and 170.813;
    (b) Conduct engineering and traffic analysis to determine maximum 
speed limits, maximum vehicular size, and weight limits, and identify 
needed traffic control devices; and
    (c) Erect, maintain, and enforce compliance with signs and pavement 
markings.


Sec.  170.121  What is a cultural access road?

    (a) A cultural access road is a public road that provides access to 
sites for cultural purposes as defined by individual tribal traditions, 
which may include, for example:
    (1) Sacred and medicinal sites;
    (2) Gathering medicines or materials such as grasses for basket 
weaving; or
    (3) Other traditional activities, including, but not limited to, 
subsistence hunting, fishing and gathering.
    (b) A tribal government may unilaterally designate a tribal road as 
a cultural access road. A cultural access road designation is an 
entirely voluntary and internal decision made by the tribe to help it 
and other public authorities manage, protect, and preserve access to 
locations that have cultural significance.
    (c) In order for a tribal government to designate a non-tribal road 
as a cultural access road, it must enter into an agreement with the 
public authority having jurisdiction over the road.
    (d) Cultural access roads may be included in the IRR Inventory if 
they meet the definition of an IRR.


Sec.  170.122  Can a tribe close a cultural access road?

    (a) A tribe with jurisdiction over a cultural access road can close 
it. The tribe can do this:
    (1) During periods when the tribe or tribal members are involved in 
cultural activities; and
    (2) In order to protect the health and safety of the trib